atypical sex chromosome pattern

• What is XXY KLINEFELTER’S SYNDROME?

  • Males develop an additional X chromosome
  • 1 in 660 males
• What is XO TURNER SYNDROME?

  • No second chromosome in 23rd pair for biological females
  • 1 in 2000 girls
• Real-life application: helps in treatment

  • Australian study of 87 participants vs Herlihy et al 2011
  • Those in the australian study who had been diagnosed and treated earlier in childhood experienced significant benefits in terms of managing symptoms
  • Herlihy found adults that had been diagnosed and treated in adulthood found it harder to manage symptoms
  • Continued research into klinefelter's syndrome and turners syndrome will more likely lead to more accurate and earlier diagnoses
  • This will increase positive outcomes and management in the future
  • Useful real-world application
  • Research support
• Contribute to the nature-nurture debate

  observe those with atypical chromosome patterns and typical chromosome patterns, psychological and behavioural differences can be compared.

  Any differences can be concluded to come from the abnormal biological differences that those with turner syndrome and klinefelter syndrome have

  This suggests a biological basis, and will acts as support that nature dictates behaviour and psychological expression more than nurture from the environment does.
• counter to nature-nurture debate strength

  it is unscientific to conclude that differences in behaviour b between those with typical and atypical chromosome patterns are due to biology

  There is no definite causal relationship

  Perhaps the environment (nruture) is responsible

  For example those with turner syndrome have immature features and perhaps there social immaturity comes as a result of being treated ‘immaturely’ by those around them which encourages them to enact immature behaviour.
• what are the physical characteristics of Klinefelters syndrome?

  reduced facial hair, tall, long limbs, small tests, development of breast tissues
• what are psychological characteristics of klinefelters synrome?

  poorly developed language skills/cognitive difficulties e.g dyslexia, shy, passive, lack of interest in sexual activity
• what are physical characteristics of Turner's Syndrome?

  no menstrual cycle (amenorrhea), short, limited breast development, webbed neck, wide chest
• what are psychological characteristics of Turner's syndrome?

  high literacy skills, low visual ability and socially immature, low mathematical skills