CRITICAL APPROACHES

• Critical approaches


  -also called as "lenses"

  -different perspectives we can consider in analyzing or interpreting a text
• Formalist approach


  analyzing the literary elements, structure, settings, more
• Feminist approach


  female representation
• HIstorical approach


  historical and cultural conditions
• Moralist approach


  lesson or message
• Readers response


  -understanding of the reader

  -the meaning of the text is dependent upon the readers response
• Marxist approach


  economic and social reality
• Class stratification


  certain tasks in society are more valuable than others
• Class relations


  authority relationships based on properties ownership
• Dominant ideology


  rich vs poor issues
• ism


  belief or an approach of looking at things
• Literary criticism


  evaluation, analysis, description, or interpretation of literary works
• Critique (verb)


  critically evaluate, analyze, or give careful judgements in which you give your opinion about a literary work
• Critique (noun)


  detailed evaluation or analysis of a literary piece
• Critic


  person who judges, evaluates, or analyze a literary piece
• Character


  It is a person, animal, being, creature or anything personified in a story
• Setting


  it is not only place and time a story takes place but also includes the atmosphere
• Tone


  the overall emotion conveyed by both the choices of words, theme, sensory images, symbolism and the narrator, of the story, such as suspenseful, affectionate, happy or sad
• Point of view


  answers the question "who is telling the story?"
• First person


  "I" "we" the narrator is a participant in the story relating his or her own experiences directly an observer
• Second person


  the story is told to "you"
• Third person


  they, she, he, it or a name
• omniscient


  all-knowing or has a full access to the thoughts and experiences of all characters
• limited omniscient 


  usually cannot see into minds or know the future (one character only)
• theme


  the author's message to the readers
• Imagery


  consists of descriptive language to create images in the mind of the readers through their senses