8.3 Uses of enzymes

• Explain how pectinase can be used to make apple juice.

  Pectinase is used in apple juice production to break down pectin, a substance that causes cloudiness in juice. By adding pectinase to crushed apples, it breaks down pectin, aiding in juice extraction and clarification, resulting in clearer and more flavourful apple juice.
• explain the pectinase and apple juice experiment .

  In the pectinase and apple juice experiment, pectinase, an enzyme that breaks down pectin, is added to apple juice. Pectin is a substance that gives fruits their structure. By adding pectinase to apple juice, it breaks down the pectin, resulting in the juice becoming clearer and less viscous. This experiment demonstrates the role of enzymes in food processing and can be used to produce clearer apple juice or other fruit juices.
• What is the independent variable related to the pectinaise and apple juice experiment?

  amount of pectinase added to the apple juice
• what is the dependent variable related to the pectinaise and apple juice experiment

  the clarity of the apple juice after adding the pectinase
• What are the variables that should be controlled in the pectinaise and apple juice experiment?

  • Temperature
  • pH
  • Time: the duration of the experiment
  • Volume of apple juice and pectinaise
• Describe the results observed in the pectinaise and apple juice experiment.

  The results show that adding pectinase to apple juice makes it clearer and less thick. This is because pectinase breaks down the pectin in the juice, which causes it to become less cloudy.
• Explain how pectinase affects the properties of the juice made.

  Pectinaise acts on the pectin naturally present in the juice, breaking down its molecules. This enzymatic action results in a clearer juice with reduced viscosity, enhancing its texture and appearance.
• State some uses of enzymes

  Enzymes are used in various industries such as food processing, detergent making, textile manufacturing, paper making, etc.
• Describe how enzymes work.

  Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the energy needed for them to happen without getting used up. They do this by binding to molecules, bringing them together, and helping them react more easily.