specific heat kinetic theory

• What is the the density of an object

  • how much mass an object has per unit of volume
• How to work out the density (solids + irregular solids)

  • for regular solids we measure the mass of the solid then we measure the length width and height of the solid and do density = mass /volume
  • for irregular solids we put the solid in a eureka can and the place the solid in it,the collect water in the measuring cylinder is the volume
• How to work out the density of a liquid

  • measure measuring cylinder on a balance
  • fill cylinder with water and measure it
  • do density = mass / volume
• solids

  • strong forces of attraction
  • fixed shape and volume
  • can only vibrate
• liquids

  • weak forces of attraction
  • particles are free to move but often stick together
  • definite volume but not shape
• liquids

  • weak forces of attraction
  • particles are free to move but often stick together
  • definite volume but not shape
• gases

  • no forces of attraction
  • move in random directions at high speeds
  • free to move
• How does the density change in state occur in a close system

  • the mass of the substance doesn't change as theirs still the same amount of particles however the density does
  • solid is most dense gas is least dense
• what is internal energy

  • the total amount of energy stored by a substance
• how is internal energy related to temperature

  • temperature transfer energy to the ke stores of particles so as the ke increases so does the temperature
• What is specific heat capacity

  • the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a substance by 1 degree of 1kg of a substance
• equation for change in thermal energy (shc)

  change in thermal energy(Jules) = mass(kg) x specific heat capacity(j/kg) x change in temperature(degreess
• what is specific latent heat

  • specific latent heat is the amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance without changing temp
• equation for specific latent heat

  specific latent heat = mass x specific heat capacity
• what is specific latent heat of fusion

  • the specific heat capacity for changing between a solid of a liquid (melting or freezing)
• what is the specific latent heat of vaporisation

  • specific latent heat between a liquid and a gas (evaporating boiling or condensing)
• When is energy absorbed or release

  energy is absorbed during melting and evaporating

  energy is releasing during condensing or freezing
• What is absolute 0

  • absoloute 0 is the coldest temperature and where particles have no kinetic energy to move
  • 0 is the start of the kelvin scale
• how to convert kelvin to Celsius and vice versa

  Celsius to Kelvin + 273

  Kelvin to Celsius - 273