cross cultural differences: Grossman et al (1985) - more 'avoidant' infants come from Germany because of the value they put on independence. Seen as a good thing
causes of different attachment types are debatable - may be sensitivity of their carers and/or inborn temperament
experiment does not show characteristic of their child - only shows child's relationship between with a specific person so might react differently with different carers.
Attachment type may influence later behaviours -
securely attached - more confident at school so form strong adult relationships
avoidant children - behaviour problems in school so find had form close, trusting adult relationships
resistant children - insecure and attention seeking in school and as adults their strong feeling of dependency may be stressful for partners