Hadrons are composite particles made up of quarks. Baryons and mesons are types of hadrons: mesons are composed of a quark and anti-quark pair while baryons are composed of three quarks.
What are the examples of Baryons?
Protons, neutrons
What are examples of a meson?
Pion, Kaon, eta-c
Fermions are a group of fundamental particles that include both quarks and leptons.
Bosons are force mediating particles that include: photons, gluons, and W and Z bosons.
What did Rutherford's experiment discover?
Atoms are mostly empty space
Atoms have very small nucleus which contains most of its mass
The nucleus is positively marked
Magnetic fields are used in particle accelerators to control the direction of travel of charged particles. Magnetic fields also stop plasma from touching the sides of accelerator which would slow the speed of reactions by cooling the plasma down.
Electric fields in particle accelerators ensure the particles continue travelling in one direction. AC currents are used as they can accelerate particles through the switching of poles (attracting and repelling the particle).
What are the three types of particle accelerator?
Linear accelerator
Cyclotron
Synchrotron
Why can't neutrons be accelerated?
They have no charge
All matter have an antimatter equivalent, which has the same mass as its corresponding matter but has the opposite charge. When antimatter and particles collide they annihilate each other and release energy.
