Literary Genres

• MYTHS


  Myths have two kinds, creation and combat myths.
• CREATION MYTHS


  attempt to explain the origin of man and the beginning of the world is an organized cycle of stories.
• COMBAT MYTHS


  a story about a battle between a divine being and a dragon or other monster representing chaos
• Myths EXAMPLE:


  •Asuang and Gugurang

  •The Creation of the World

  •Sidapa
• The Legend of Kolakog which has several versions:


  1. In one, he is identified with the formation of Catanduanes Islands
• The Legend of Kolakog which has several versions:


  2. The origin of a sitio named Guira on the river Bikol near Pasacao, Camarines Sur
• The Legend of Kolakog which has several versions:

  3. It is a kilometer-long legs which serve as bridge for his wife who planted and gathered camotes on the other side of the land while he slept, or the extraordinary length of his arms which could reach the bottom of the river where clams were plentiful for him to eat.
• The Legend of Kolakog which has several versions:

  4. In another version, it is his stretched genitals which he offered as bridge to save the fleeing natives from Moro captivity.
• In Bikol legends, it is probably characteristics of legend that


  human negative reactions to the whims or commands of nature result in the formation or origin of things.
• Bikol animal tales


  fall into two patterns: the tricker stories and the ungrateful animal stories.
• FAIRY TALES


  • Fairy tales are linked to the rural folk.

  • Each narrative centers on one or heroine, who after a series of adventure attains his goal and lives happily through the help of a supernatural element.
• Structurally, the Bikol fairy tale moves in this manner:

  Pattern 1: Poor boy aided by supernaturalbecomes rich.

  Pattern 2: Lazy man aided by supernatural becomes rich.

  Pattern 3: Crafty wife aided by supernatural gets a rich husband or king.
• Structurally, the Bikol fairy tale moves in this manner:

  Pattern 4: Cruel fate aided by supernatural ends happily.

  Pattern 5: Country wench aided by supernatural marries king.

  Pattern 6: Man finds evil spirit, tries to kill it, but spirit implores mercy and promises to make him wealthy.
• Structurally, the Bikol fairy tale moves in this manner:

  Pattern 7: Evil spirit falls in love with a young women and wants to marry her but she refuses him; he gets enraged and subjects her to fits of enchantment.

  Pattern 8: Man cuts down balete tree or eats fruit and displeases evil spirit who punishes them.

  Pattern 9: Fairy plays a joke on a young man.

  Pattern 10: Patron saints help people.
• Bikol fairies have different names:

  1. Onglo

  2. Taong lipod

  3. Tambaloslos
• Onglo


  almost found asleep in the dark corners.
• Taong lipod


  otherwise known as engkanto, takes different forms as animals, birds, fishes and human being in enormous sizes.
• Tambaloslos


  a mischievous ugly fairy who preys on travelers.
• Rawit-Dawit


  • A Bicol term for narrative poems, turned into vehicle of social criticism during the 20's and 30's.

  • It was enough to have end syllables of a four-line verse rhyme.
• Rawit-Dawit also called


  "orog-orog" or

  "susuman"
• Rawit-Dawit


  •The poems abounded in criticisms of graft, corruption,

  false accusations, favoritism, nepotism, lazy officials, cabaret- going leaders, heavy school contributions and cockpit-frequenters.
• Rawit Dawit example


  KADA TAON NA MINALAMPAS
• Bicol Riddles


  PAOKOD/PATOOD
• PAOOKOD/PATOOD


  Bikol riddles are descriptive and poetically formulated.
• Two elements characterize each riddle:

  - A positive description which is metaphorical expressed in the statement

  - And a negative element in the second statement which is meant to confuse the guessor.
• Riddles

  questions which must be answered and it employs oppositional elements which meant to confuse.

  Ano an bilog na may pitong labot?

  (What round thing has seven holes?)
• 2. Riddles describing the abstract appear.

  Aram mo pero dai mo nasasabotan

  Dai mo nasasabotan pero aram mo.

  (You know but you do not understand

  You do not understand but you know.)
• 3. In other riddles, the device of inversion is confusing and the guessor misinterprets the

  figurative for a literal description.

  Yaon ka duman

  Pero yaon ka digdi.
• 4.Here is the riddle in three or four lines:

  An langit gipatos sa bagol

  An bagol gipatos sa tubig

  An tubig gipatos sa panit.

  (The sky is wrapped in shell,

  The shell is wrapped in water,

  The water is wrapped in husk.)
• 5. The main purpose of the

  riddles

  amusement.
• 6. The riddles cause laughter

  because of its surprise element.


  a. Anong kabayo na an bitis tolo

  b. Kan piripit pa garo dagom,

  kan magbukod garo payong.
• 7. Names of heroes, saints and

  important places are often next to some insignificant object and because of this incongruity laughter is generated.


  Harong ni San Miguel, palibot nin badil.
• 8. Some of the riddles are in

  rhyming couplets.


  Sadit pa an aki, nakakatulay na

  sa pisi.
• 9. Some of the riddles are even

  in rhyming triplets.

  Nagsapna si Hudas

  Inula si bagas

  Sinalod si hinugas
• 10. Some of the riddles may tackle about bad behaviors towards other.


  Ako an nagpanday saimo, ika man

  sana palan an kawsa kan kagadanan

  ko.

  (Ako ang nagpanday sa'yo, ikaw din

  naman pala ang dahilan ng

  kamatayan ko.)
• 10. Some of the riddles may tackle about bad behaviors towards other.

  Tigkaon ko so kulit mo, gusto

  ko pa kaunon an laog mo.

  (Kinain ko ang balat mo, nais ko

  pang kainin ang laman mo.)
• PROVERBS

  (KASABIHAN)


  handy slogans to pick from as occasion or need arose.
• PROVERBS Examples:


  1. An masinaginsagin maanghit pa sa

  kanding.

  (He who pretends, stinks more than a goat.)

  2. An katotohanan garo uwak na dai

  ikatago.

  (Truth is like a crow that cannot be hidden.)

  3. An ngusong marinotabrutab siring sa gonang makinutat.

  (A talkative mouth is like a cackling

  hen.)
• Most Bikol proverbs depict what should be desirable virtues

  1. Madali an magin tawo,

  Masakit an magpakatawo

  (It is easy to be a man,

  It is difficult to act as a one.)

  2. Mayong masakit sa tatao.

  (Nothing is difficult to one who knows.)

  3. Sabang hali, sabang poli.

  (Where you came from, there you go back.)

  4. Kun ano an mawot, iyo an

  inaabot.

  (Whatever you desire is what you get.)
• There are proverbs on plants, animals and human body.

  1. An bahog dai madulok sa manok.

  (Feed will not go to the chicken.)

  2. An bayawas dai mabungang tapayas.

  (The guava tree will not bear papaya fruits.)