Biopsychology

• What is the CNS made up of?

  The brain and spinal cord
• What is the PNS?

  Peripheral nervous system - made up of the somatic and autonomic nervous system
• What does the autonomic NS do?

  Governs functions in the body such as heart rate, sexual arousal, and stress responses
• What does the SNS do?

  Governs muscle movement and receives info from sensory receptors
• What is the endocrine system?

  Uses hormones released by glands to effect change in the body
• How does endocrine differ from CNS?

  Endocrine works slower but has very powerful effects
• What are the glands in the endocrine system (in order)

  Hypothalamus pituitary thyroid parathyroid adrenal pancreas ovaries/testes
• Endocrine and ANS (autonomic nervous system) working together for fight of flight

  When stimulated, the hypothalamus triggers the pituitary glands, which makes the ANS change from its resting state to a sympathetic (aroused) state. Adrenaline is then released. Once the threat has passed, the parasympathetic nervous system returns the body to its resting state.
• What does adrenaline do?

  Creates a physiological response in your body that increases things like heart rate
• What is a neuron?

  The basic building blocks of the NS, they process and transmit messages through electrical and chemical signals.
• 3 types of neuron?

  Sensory, relay, motor
• Sensory neurons?

  Carry messages from the PNS to the CNS. Long dendrites and short axons
• Relay neurons?

  Connect sensory neurons to motor/ other relay neurons. Short dendrites and short axons
• Motor neurons

  Connect CNS to effector e.g. muscles and glands. Short dendrites and long
• Are neurons separated?

  Yes, by the synapse
• How are signals transmitted across the synapse?

  By chemical signals
• What are neurotransmitters?

  Chemicals that diffuse across the synapse to the next nueron in the chain and they carry the message/signal