Evaluate effective + social implic 1 method of modif (15)

• Effectiveness of restorative justice

  • P: One method of modifying criminal behaviour is restorative justice, which aims to rehabilitate offenders through reconciliation with victims.

  • E: From an effectiveness standpoint, it is considered successful in reducing reoffending. For example, Sherman and Strang (2007) reviewed 20 studies across multiple countries and found that all showed reduced reoffending rates following face-to-face RJ meetings. In one study of 142 male offenders, only 11% reoffended compared to 37% in the matched prison group.

  • E: This suggests RJ can be more effective than short prison sentences in changing behaviour. Moreover, victims report high levels of satisfaction - 85% in UK RJ council (2015) data - with even higher levels (92.5%) reported by Avon and Somerset Police for violent crime. However, RJ’s application is limited: not all offenders admit guilt, some crimes may be unsuitable, and victims…
• Effectiveness of restorative justice (2)

  • E: … may refuse to participate.

  • L: Therefore, while effective in certain contexts, it cannot be universally applied.
• Social implications of restorative justice

  • P: Restorative justice also has wider social implications, particularly regarding financial cost and community involvement.

  • E: The traditional prison system is costly, and RJ offers a cost-effective alternative. The Restorative Justice Council reports that £8 is saved for every £1 spent due to reduced court, prison, and policing costs.

  • E: Additionally, RJ can be funded through fines and paid by offenders, easing the burden on taxpayers. On a community level, initiatives like ’peace circles’ bring together offenders, victims, and community members to promote mutual understanding and support (Pranis et Al, 2003). These not only help reintegrate offenders but also strengthen social cohesion in areas with high crime rates.

  • L: However, critics argue that involving victims in direct contact may risk retraumatisation, and its success depends heavily on the willingness of all parties.
• Conclusion

  In conclusion, restorative justice is a relatively effective and socially beneficial method of modifying criminal behaviour, especially in reducing reoffending and increasing victim satisfaction. However, its selective applicability and reliance on voluntary participation limit its potential as a universal solution. Still, it’s emphasis on rehabilitation over punishment reflects a more progressive and cost-effective approach to criminal justice.