diff between Hyperglobalisers and Globalisation Sceptics.

• View on the existence of globalisation

  • Hyperglobalisers argue globalisation is a transformative, irreversible process reshaping the world.➤ Example: The global finance system operates almost entirely across borders, ignoring national boundaries.
  • Globalisation Sceptics argue globalisation is exaggerated or even reversing — regionalism and nationalism are stronger forces.➤ Example: Brexit and Trump’s “America First” show backlash against global integration.
•  View on the power of global institutions

  • Hyperglobalisers believe institutions like the WTO and IMF have real power over states and markets.➤ Example: IMF bailouts often force economic reforms, limiting national sovereignty.
  • Sceptics argue that powerful states still dominate global institutions and use them for their own interests.➤ Example: The US has veto power at the IMF and World Bank; global rules often favour rich countries.
• View on inequality and development

  • Hyperglobalisers (optimists) claim globalisation reduces poverty and spreads prosperity.➤ Example: China’s integration into the global economy lifted 800 million people out of poverty.
  • Sceptics believe globalisation increases inequality, benefiting corporations and elites.➤ Example: Global South countries often remain dependent on low-value exports and suffer from debt.