Protist Test

• Plankton


  Tiny organisms that simply drift along with currents. Can be temporary or permanent
• Temporary plankton


  Plankton that is mostly made up of the larval form of other organisms
• Phytoplankton


  Photosynthetic primary producers that are at the bottom of the oceanic food web
• Zooplankton


  Heterotrophic protists, bacteria, and crustaceans that feed off of phytoplankton and are small and drift on ocean currents
• Protista


  Kingdom comprised of autotrophic or heterotrophic eukaryotes that could not be classified as plants or animals
• Colonial protists


  Groups of single celled organisms stuck together (like coral)
• Multicellular


  One bigger organism with different types of specialized cells working together
• Protozoa

  • All heterotrophic
  • All unicellular
  • Some are parasitic
  • Classified by how they move
  • Reproduce through mostly binary fission but some by conjugation
• Phylum sarcodina


  Protozoa that move using pseudopods and live in freshwater environments and soil. Most freshwater ones have contractile vacuoles
• Pseudopodia


  Large, rounded cytoplasmic extensions that serve in moving and eating, found in sarcodines
• Ameboid movement


  When a sarcodine moves using pseudopods
• Amebic dysentary


  Disease example caused by sarcodines
• Phylum ciliophora


  Protozoa that swim using cilia, live in marine and freshwater environments, and feed on bacteria, algae, and small organisms
• Paramecium


  Most common species of ciliophora
• Cilia


  Tiny hairlike structures on ciliophora that allow them to move
• Pellicle


  Cells that anchor the cilia to the membrane
• Macronucleus


  Controls cell functions in protozoa
• Micronucleus


  Exchanges genetic information during conjugation in protists
• Oral groove, food vacuole, gullet, anal pore, and food vacuole create a primitive digestive system in protozoa
• Phylum Zoomastigina


  Protozoa characterized by the presence of one or more flagella, mostly free living in ponds and streams, and parasitic varieties cause things like sleeping sickness
• Phylum sporozoa


  Has no means of locomotion in adult form, reproduces using spores, mostly parasitic, best known is Plasmodium, which causes malaria