Physics GSCE

• What is energy described as in the study material?

  An idea that predicts object interactions
• What does the conservation of energy state?

  Total energy in interactions is conserved
• What can energy be turned into according to the study material?

  Mass
• What are the different stores of energy referred to as?

  Types of energy
• How is energy measured?

  In Joules
• How do you calculate kinetic energy?

  Using $e =$$\frac{1}{2} mv^2$
• What happens to kinetic energy as an object's speed increases?

  Kinetic energy increases
• How is gravitational potential energy calculated?

  Using $e =$$mgh$
• What does a higher height indicate about gravitational potential energy?

  More gravitational potential energy available
• What is the formula for elastic potential energy?

  $e =$$\frac{1}{2} kx^2$
• What does thermal energy change relate to?

  Particles moving faster
• What is the equation for change in thermal energy?

  $e =$$mc\Delta T$
• What does specific heat capacity measure?

  Energy needed to raise temperature
• What type of energy is chemical potential energy associated with?

  Food or fuels
• What must happen for energy to be transferred in a system?

  Energy must move between objects or stores
• What does it mean if energy is lost to surroundings?

  It cannot be a closed system
• What is work in the context of energy?

  Another word for energy used
• How can you find specific heat capacity in a practical experiment?

  By measuring temperature change while heating
• What happens to energy during heating in a practical experiment?

  Some energy is transferred to surroundings
• What is the equation for power?

  $P =$$\frac{E}{T}$
• What does a power supply of 200 W indicate?

  Uses 200 Joules of energy per second
• How do you calculate energy used in a minute?

  Using $E =$$P \times T$
• What is efficiency a measure of?

  Useful energy output versus total energy input
• How do you calculate efficiency as a percentage?

  Multiply the ratio by 100
• What happens if a building has poor insulation?

  Heat is lost through walls and windows
• How can you test insulation effectiveness practically?

  By measuring temperature change in cans
• What are finite energy sources?

  Sources that cannot be replenished
• What does geothermal power involve?

  Pumping water underground to be heated
• What is biofuel?

  Biological matter burned for energy
• What are the types of energy stores mentioned in the study material?

  • Kinetic energy
  • Gravitational potential energy (GPE)
  • Elastic potential energy
  • Thermal energy
  • Chemical potential energy
• What is the relationship between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy in a closed system?

  • GPE is converted to KE as an object falls
  • GPE lost equals KE gained
  • Energy is conserved in the process
• What factors affect the specific heat capacity practical experiment?

  • Type of metal used
  • Power of the heater
  • Duration of heating
  • Measurement accuracy of temperature change
• What are the characteristics of finite and renewable energy sources?

  Finite:

  • Non-renewable
  • Examples: fossil fuels, nuclear fuel

  
  

  Renewable:

  • Replenishable
  • Examples: wind power, solar energy
• What is the Conservation of energy?

  Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.