Chemistry

• Physical properties


  Visible features of matter
• Chemical Properties


  describes how one substance reacts with others
• Pure Substance


  consists of a single kind of matter, It always has the same composition and the same set of properties
• Elements


  consist of one type of atom

  • cannot be broken down any further
  • ex. Oxygen, Hyrdorgen, Carbo
• Compunds 


  Contains two or more different types of atoms

  • can be broken down by chemical means
  • Ex. Water (H2O), Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
• Suspension


  is another kind of mechanical mixture, where the components are in different states
• Colloid


  is similar to a suspension but the suspended substance cannot be easily separated from other substance.
• What is an MSDS sheet?

  Material Safety Data Sheets- Identifies the chemical and physical hazards associated with each substance.
• Compressed gas


  what is this?

  
• Dangerously Reactive Material


  What is this?

  
• Oxidizing Material


  What is this?

  
• Poisonous and Infectious causing immediate toxic effects


  What is this?

  
• Flammable

  
• Biohazardous


  What is this?

  
• Corrosive Material


  What is this?

  
• Poisonous and infectious matterial causing other toxic effect


  What is this?

  
• Safety Hazard Symbols


  What is this?

  
• Chemical Reaction


  a chemical reaction is a process that occurs when a substance react to create different substance
• Homogenous(Solutions)


  consist of solvent and the solute
• Heterogeneous(Mechanical Mixtures) 


  the individual parts of the mixture remain intact and visible
• Mixture


  a combination of pure substances
• Physical Change 


  a change that alters the appearance of a material but does not make the material into another substance
• Chemical Change 


  Change in matter that produces a new substance
• Salting


  is a method of preserving meat and fish and is actually a method of drying
• Fermentation


  the process of fermentation involved in the making of beer, wine, and liquor, in which sugars are converted to ethyl alcohol.
• Alchemy


  the medieval forerunner of chemistry, based on the supposed transformation of matter. It was concerned particularly with attempts to convert base metals into gold or to find a universal elixir.
• Atoms 


  tiny particles
• Law of Conservation of Mass


  mass is neither produced nor lost during a chemical reaction
• Who is this person? Dalton


  Year: 1808

  Believed atoms were small solid spheres like "Billiard balls"
• Who is this person? J.J Thompson


  Year: 1897

  
  

  created the "Plum Pudding" model. Most of the atom consists of a positive change (the pudding) with negative charges embedded in it (the plums)
• Who is this person? Ernest Rutherford


  Year: 1911

  • Atom Contains a positively charged core (nucleus)
  • Name the proton
  • Negative charges surrounded the nucleus
  • Gold foil experiment- atom is mostly empty space with a tiny positive core
• Who is this person? Neils Bohr


  Year: 1913

  • the protons are all in the nucleus
  • the electrons are in definite energy levels (orbits)
  • The electrons move around the nucleus in definite orbits (similar to planets orbiting around the sun) "Solar System Model"
• Nucleus


  Atoms contaning a positive charged core
• Malleable


  can be beaten and rolled into sheets
• Ductile


  can be stretched into long wires
• Inert


  Chemically not active
• Molecule


  forms when two or more non metallic atoms bond together