LESSON 1

• anthropology is for CULTURE
• sociology is for SOCIETY
• political science is for POLITICS
• CULTURE - way of life of a group of people
• ANTHROPOLOGY - came from the greek words ANTHROPOS and LOGOS
• ANTHROPOS - human being/humanity
• LOGOS - study or knowledge
• the father of all social and behavioral sciences is ANTHROPOLOGY
• anthropology started during the TIME OF EXPLORATION
• FRANZ BOAS - the father of modern american anthropology, associated with "HISTORICAL PARTICULARISM"
• CLAUDE LEVI-STRAUSS said anthropology has humanity as the object of its research, and that people can be different but all humans have something in common
• Biological Anthropology - study of human origins
• Cultural Anthropology - study of living people
• Linguistics - study of language and its evolution
• Archeology - study of dead culture
• Goals of anthropology

  1. See the COMMONALITIES among people
  2. Look at what makes us the SAME
  3. discover what makes people DIFFERENT
  4. produce KNOWLEDGE
  5. look at culture OBJECTIVELY
• sociology - systematic study of human society, started at the height of the INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in europe
• Auguste Comte - coined the term sociology
• Karl Marx - He was a German philosopher and economist who developed the theory of Marxism or a classless society
• Goals of Sociology

  1. OBTAIN possible theories and principles
  2. STUDY the nature of humanity
  3. INTEREDEPENDENCE of society
  4. expose our minds to DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES
• Politics - the process of making collective decisions in a community, society, or group through the application of influence and power
• political science - study of politics, power, and government
• polis - city-states
• aristotle - father of political science
• according to aristotle in his book "POLITICS", man is a POLITICAL ANIMAL
• government - gobernaculum which means "to guide"
• goals of political science

  1. make people BETTER CITIZENS
  2. keep SOCIAL ORDER and harmony
  3. PROTECT rights
  4. AVOID conflict
• the proponent for SOCIAL IMAGINATION is Wright Mills
• social imagination - vivid awareness of relationships between private experience and wider society
• two kinds of situations

  1. PRIVATE TROUBLE - personal problems
  2. PUBLIC ISSUES - social problems
• symbolic interaction perspective - attaching meaning to symbols
• functionalist perspective - society is held together by social consensus
• Branches of the Philippine Government

  1. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH - lawmaking body, senate and house
  2. EXECUTIVE BRANCH - lawenforcing body, p and vp
  3. JUDICIARY BRANCH - lawinterpreting body, supreme and lower courts
• robert merton - proponent of human functions
• conflict perspective - conflict is a necessary part of human existence and is a natural part of human development