Chapter 1 (Introduction)

• Characteristics of Living Things

  • Contain biological molecules including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates
  • Cellular - Cells are the smallest unit of life, some organisms are unicellular, others are multicellular
  • Reproduce - Simple one celled animals may reproduce asexually, more complex multi-celled organisms may reproduce sexually
  • Acquire and use energy - Metabolism is all the chemical reactions that occur in a living organism
  • Respond to environment - Living organisms detect stimuli and respond to it, including movement
  • Maintain Homeostasis - Relatively constant and self-correcting internal environment
  • Populations of living organisms evolve and have adaptive traits
• Biological Molecules including:

  Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids & Carbohydrates
• Cells


  The smallest unit of life
• Unicellular


  Organisms are composed of only one cells
• Multicellular


  Organisms are composed of many cells
• Metabolism


  Acquire and use energy. Chemical reactions that occur in a living organism
• Relatively constant and self-correcting internal environment of living organisms

  Homeostasis
• A unit of matter that cannot be further broken down

  Atom
• A group of atoms bonded together and the chemical components of cells

  Molecule
• A compartment within a cell that carries out specific function

  Organelle
• The smallest unit of life

  Cell
• A group of similar cells that perform the samefunction

  Tissue
• A structure with two or more tissue types working together to perform a function

  Organ
• At least two organs working together to perform a function

  Organ System
• A single organism

  Individual
• All individuals of the same species in the defined area

  Population
• All species in the defined area

  Community
• A community and its physical environment in the defined area

  Ecosystem
• The part of the earth that supports life

  Biosphere
• Three domains

  Domain Eukarya, Domain Bacteria, & Domain Archaea
• Domain that have a nucleus

  Domain Eukarya
• Domain that has one-celled organisms that lacks a nucleus

  Domain Bacteria
• Domain that has one-celled nucleus that live in extreme environment

  Domain Archaea
• All Domain Eukarya organisms have a ________

  Nucleus
• Four Kingdoms in the Domain Eukarya

  Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
• Type of organisms that belong in the Kingdom Protista

  Protozoans, Algae, Diatoms
• Type of organisms that belong in the Kingdom Fungi

  Molds, Mushrooms, Yeast
• Type of organisms that belong in the Kingdom Plantae

  Mosses, Ferns, Seed Plants
• Type of organisms that belong in the Kingdom Animalia


  Invertebrates and Vertebrates
• Domain Bacteria: Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic

  Prokaryotic
• Domain Archaea: Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic

  Prokaryotic
• Domain Eukarya: Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic

  Eukaryotic
• Domain Bacteria: Unicellular, Multicellular, or Either

  Unicellular
• Domain Archaea: Unicellular, Multicellular, or Either

  Unicellular
• Domain Eukarya: Unicellular, Multicellular, or Either

  Either
• Unicellular organisms that lack (do not have) nucleus

  Prokaryotic
• Cells of these organisms contain nucleus

  Eukaryotic
• Normal physiologic activity of an organ or part. The job of the part of the body

  Function
• To produce or to make

  Produce
• Building up of something

  Synthesis