The Periodic Table

• Atomic Structure and Periodic Table
• Mass number


  The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus
• Atomic number


  The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
• Oxygen (O) mass number is 16
• Silicon (Si) atomic number is 14
• Boron (B) has 11 neutrons
• Lithium ion (Li+) has 2 electrons
• Two isotopes of carbon

  • Carbon-12 (neutrons 6)
  • Carbon-14 (neutrons 8)
• Objectives: Describe how atomic structure is linked to the periodic table
• Objectives: Explain how metals and non-metals differ, including the electronic structures of their atoms and their positions in the periodic table
• Objectives: Justify why the noble gases are so unreactive
• Electron arrangement

  Electrons live in shells or energy levels around the nucleus
• Electron shells

  • The first shell can hold 2 electrons
  • The second shell can hold up to 8 electrons
  • The third shell can hold up to 8 electrons
• Mini Review Task


  Complete the electron structures of the following elements: hydrogen, beryllium
• Trends noticed from the electronic configurations of atoms in the periodic table
• When fluorine atoms react, they gain an electron to form a fluoride ion
• Plenary: Crossword
• Plenary: Predict the element
• Extension Task: Summary Sheet
• Groups are numbered from left to right, with Group 1 being on the far left.
• The periodic table is organised into groups (columns) and periods (rows).
• Elements within the same group have similar properties.
• Elements in the same period have the same number of shells.
• Periods are rows that run horizontally across the periodic table.
• Periods increase across the table as elements gain protons and electrons.
• Atomic radius decreases as we move down a group due to increased nuclear charge attracting electrons closer to the nucleus.