Atmosphere

Cards (65)

  • What gases were included in the Vilanic cases?
    Carbon Dioxide, water vapour, and other gases
  • What percentage of the atmosphere is oxygen?
    21%
  • What percentage of the atmosphere is nitrogen?
    78%
  • What percentage of the atmosphere consists of other gases?
    1%
  • How did volcanoes contribute to the formation of the atmosphere?
    They released gases that formed the atmosphere
  • What gas was released by volcanoes that contributed to the atmosphere?
    Water vapour
  • What happened to water vapour as the Earth cooled?
    It condensed to form the oceans
  • What gas did volcanoes release that was abundant in the early atmosphere?
    Carbon Dioxide
  • What was the composition of the early atmosphere?
    Mainly carbon Dioxide with little Oxygen
  • What gas did volcanoes release that gradually built up the atmosphere?
    Nitrogen
  • What small amounts of gases did volcanoes release?
    Methane and ammonia
  • What did the early atmosphere mainly consist of?
    Mainly carbon Dioxide with small nitrogen
  • What is the current composition of the atmosphere?
    Mainly nitrogen, a bit of oxygen, and other gases
  • What happened to water vapour from volcanoes?
    It condensed to form oceans
  • What did some carbon Dioxide in the sea form?
    A weak acid that reacted with minerals
  • What did the reaction of carbon Dioxide with minerals form?
    Precipitates that formed carbonate rock
  • How did corals and shells of organisms form?
    From carbon Dioxide used by organisms
  • What happened to the carbon in dead organisms like mussels?
    It formed sedimentary rock limestone
  • What evolved in the oceans that produced oxygen?
    Photosynthetic algae
  • What did photosynthesis produce that entered the atmosphere?
    Oxygen
  • What increased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere over time?
    The evolution of plants
  • What was the significance of oxygen levels reaching a certain point?
    It allowed animals to evolve
  • What happens to carbon during photosynthesis?
    It is taken in and can be trapped
  • What do all fossil fuels contain?
    Trapped carbon
  • Why are fossil fuels considered non-renewable?
    They cannot be replenished quickly
  • How is coal formed?
    From ferns and trees in wetlands
  • What prevents decomposition of plant remains in wetlands?
    Lack of oxygen or acidic conditions
  • What happens to plant remains to form coal?
    They are covered with sediment and compressed
  • What creates coal?
    High temperature and pressure
  • What is crude oil formed from?
    Plankton
  • What happens to plankton when they die?
    They settle in mud on the sea-bed
  • What prevents plankton from decomposing?
    Absence of oxygen
  • What happens to plankton over time?
    They are compressed by sediment
  • What converts compressed plankton into crude oil?
    Heat and pressure
  • What is natural gas mainly composed of?
    Methane
  • Where is natural gas typically found?
    Near deposits of oil
  • What is the greenhouse effect?
    Trapping of heat by greenhouse gases
  • How does the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere change?
    It varies depending on temperature
  • What are greenhouse gases?
    Water vapour, carbon dioxide, and methane
  • How does energy from the sun reach the Earth?
    As short wavelength radiation