Water Purification

• What is the aim of the water purification practical?

  To analyze and purify a water sample
• What is water purification?

  • Process of removing impurities from water
  • Makes water suitable for drinking
• What method will be used to remove impurities from the water sample?

  Distillation
• How will the purity of the water be checked?

  By measuring the boiling point
• Why is it important to measure the pH of the water sample?

  To assess the acidity or alkalinity of the water
• What are the steps involved in the water purification process described?

  Measure pH, distill, measure boiling point
• What purification method is used in the video?

  Distillation
• What is the purpose of the distillation method in this context?

  To purify seawater or sodium chloride solution
• What ions are tested for in the seawater?

  Sodium and chloride ions
• What does the term "potable water" mean?

  Water that is safe to drink
• How is sodium ion presence tested in seawater?

  Using a flame test
• What color flame indicates the presence of sodium ions?

  Bright yellow flame
• How is chloride ion presence tested in seawater?

  Using a precipitation reaction
• What two chemicals are added to test for chloride ions?

  Nitric acid and silver nitrate
• What does the addition of nitric acid do in the chloride test?

  Prevents interference from other ions
• What is produced when silver ions react with chloride ions?

  Insoluble silver chloride precipitate
• What is the appearance of the precipitate formed in the chloride test?

  White cloudy precipitate
• What happens to the sodium and chloride ions during distillation?

  They remain in the flask
• What is the purpose of the delivery tube in the distillation setup?

  To transport water vapor to the test tube
• What is the role of the ice bath in the distillation process?

  To cool and condense the water vapor
• What is the term used for the water collected after distillation?

  Distillate
• How is the sodium ion test conducted after distillation?

  Using a clean nichrome wire in a flame
• What result indicates that sodium ions are absent in the distilled water?

  No yellow flame observed
• What is the expected result when testing for chloride ions in distilled water?

  No white precipitate forms
• What does a clear solution indicate in the chloride test after distillation?

  No chloride ions are present