Lesson 3

• A genre is a category of literature or other form of art or entertainment (such as paintings or music) based on certain defining criteria.
• is any style or form of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.)
• Patterns of Written Texts

  • Comparison and Contrast
  • Cause and Effect
  • Problem-Solution
  • Persuasion
  • Objective Narration
  • Narration
  • Description
  • Definition
  • Exemplification
  • Classification
• Narrative Writing


  Tells a story. A story told from one's imagination is a fictional narrative. A story about actual events is a non-fictional narrative. It contains action verbs and transition words that indicate time or sequence.
• Transition Words


  • First, second, etc.
  • After, next, then, eventually, soon
  • Meanwhile, a short time later
  • During, at the same time, simultaneously
  • Suddenly, instantly, momentarily
  • The next day, following, thereafter
  • In the end, ultimately
• Fictional Narratives


  Literary texts that tell a story about imagined people, events, and ideas. They have well-developed conflict and resolution, interesting and believable elements, and a range of literary strategies.
• Non-Fiction Narratives


  Any kind of literary text that tells a story about real people, events, and ideas. They have well-developed conflict and resolution, interesting, and believable characters, and a range of literary strategies such as dialogue and suspense.
• Descriptive Writing


  Gives information of what a person, an object, a place, or a situation is like. It appeals to the reader's senses; it makes the reader see, hear, taste, smell, or feel the subject.
• Definition


  Explains a concept, term, or subject. Its main purpose is to tell what something is. It consists of three parts: (1) the term, concept, or subject to be defined; (2) the general class to which it belongs, and (3) the characteristics that differentiate it from the other members of its class.
• Exemplification


  One of the most common and effective ways to show or explain an idea or point. The main idea is explained by giving an extended example or a series of detailed examples.
• Classification


  Sorting or arranging subjects (e.g., persons, places, things, ideas) into groups or categories according to their common or shared characteristic.
• Comparison and Contrast


  Comparison is to see how two objects or items are alike while contrast is to identify the differences.
• Cause and Effect


  A cause is simply "why something happens," and an effect is "what happens." Together, they can be used as a pattern of development in writing.
• Cause and Effect Transition Words

  • as a result
  • accordingly
  • because of (this)
  • due to (this)
  • consequently
  • hence/therefore/thus
• Problem-Solution


  Deals with topics that pose problems and present solutions in a logical manner.
• Persuasion


  Intends to convince readers to do or believe in something. It states the issue, presents a clear and strong argument, supports it with well-researched evidence, and concludes by restating the main argument.
• Objective Narration


  Presents facts to create an accurate timeline of events. The narrator is an observer, a "fly on the wall," but cannot enter into the minds of the other characters.