Raising agents

• What is the purpose of raising agents in baking?

  They introduce gas into a mixture.
• How do raising agents affect the texture of baked goods?

  They cause the mixture to rise when cooked.
• What gas is produced by raising agents when cooked?

  Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
• What happens to air or moisture in a mixture when it is heated?

  It gets trapped and expands, causing rising.
• What are the types of raising agents used in baking?

  • Mechanical: Air, steam
  • Biological: Yeast
  • Chemical: Baking powder, baking soda
• What is the role of yeast in baking?

  It ferments sugars to produce carbon dioxide.
• What conditions are necessary for fermentation by yeast?

  Warmth, moisture, and sugar/starch
• How does baking powder work as a raising agent?

  It releases carbon dioxide when mixed with moisture and heat.
• What is the result of mixing an alkali, acid, and heat in baking?

  It produces a neutral mixture without taste.
• What is fermentation in baking?

  The process of yeast converting sugars into carbon dioxide.
• What are the necessary conditions for fermentation to occur?

  Warmth, moisture, and sugar/starch
• What factors affect the effectiveness of raising agents in baking?

  • Temperature
  • Moisture content
  • Type of raising agent used
  • Mixing technique
• What is the role of moisture in the effectiveness of raising agents?

  It activates the raising agents to produce gas.
• How does sugar/starch contribute to the fermentation process?

  It provides food for the yeast to produce gas.
• What happens if the conditions for fermentation are not met?

  The dough will not rise properly.
• What is the term for the process of yeast fermentation in baking?

  Fermentation
• What is the importance of temperature in the fermentation process?

  It affects the rate of yeast activity.
• How does the presence of sugar influence yeast fermentation?

  It enhances yeast activity and gas production.
• What is the effect of moisture on yeast activity?

  It activates yeast and promotes fermentation.
• What is the role of warmth in the fermentation process?

  It speeds up yeast activity and gas production.