The format in which memory is stored in the various memory stores
what is capacity?
The amount of information that can be held in a memory store.
What is Duration
The length of time information can be stored in a memory.
Describe the STM
A limited capacity memory store-its coding is acoustic(sounds) and capacity is 5-9 items on average and the duration is between 18 to 30 secs.
Describethe LTM
Describe the LTM
Permanent memory store.Capacity is unlimited and coding is semantic(meanings).It can store information for up to a lifetime.
Describe the research on coding(process)
Baddeley(1966) researched coding by giving participants (in four groups)a list to remember.1st group-acoustically similar words e.g. cat,hat. 2nd group-acoustically dissimilar.Group 3-semantically similar.Group 4-semantically dissimilar e.g. huge hot.
What were the findings on the research on coding?
Participants shown original words and asked to recall in order.When they did this task immediately after hearing it (STM recall)they tended to do worse on acoustically similar words.If participants were asked to do the task after a time interval of 20 mins (LTM)they tended to worse on semantically similar words.This shows coding in the LTM is semantic.
What was Jacobs(1887) research on capacity?
He developed a technique to measure digit span.Researcher would give participant a set number of digits to recall,number of digits would increase everytime recalling was correct-this determines an individual's digit span.Jacobs found the mean span for digits across all participants was 9.3 items and letters 7.3.
