Hydropower Video

• Trash Rack - are structures that are designed to prevent unwanted debris that might damage parts
• Intake-a structure that creates a diversion from the water to the natural waterways into the turbine
• Reservoir - helps in storing water supply coming from lakes and rivers
• Control Gate - a protective barrier that maintains the water that has been released from the reservoir to its power generator
• Penstock - it is a sluice that regulates the water flow with an enclosed conduit in transferring water to turbines
• Transformer- helps in Alternating Currents to high or low voltages
• Powerhouse - This structural component contains the generators and turbines protectively in the hydroelectric powerplant facility
• Generator - the machine that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy
• Turbine - this device is the one that makes the work in which the rotor revolves through the flow of water
• Draft Tube - this machine conduits the turbine outlet to the stream waterways
• Outflow - it is a conduit that released the used water and enters the river downstream
• Spillway - a structural component that discharges the waters from a dam to help maintain the head of the plant
• Fish Ladder - this structure helps the fish passover around the waterways on the river
• Transmission - helps transport electrical energy from the generators to distribution systems
• With the help of a water cycles, it helps create the amount of energy coming from running waters because of this continuous cycle especially in putting it in higher elevation
• IMPOUNDMENT - The most common type of hydroelectric power plant is a large hydroelectric system that uses a dam to store water from the reservoir that came from the weather change particularly rain that will flow through the turbine spin it activating a generator and create electrical energy
• DIVERSION - Also called "run-of-river" facility that helps channeling the flows of river through a canal system or a penstock the flow is regulated by several types of machine elements suchs as gates, valves and turbines the use of a dam is optional
• PUMPED STORAGE - It is a different type of configuration of few water reservoirs at different elevations that generate electricity by pumping water from reservoirs at lower to a higher elevations
• ADVANTAGES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANT

  • Its Eco-friendly
  • It's Renewable
  • It brings a huge amount of energy
  • Operational and maintenance costs lower
  • It helps smaller plants in the area
  • Reduces the cost of fossil fuel
  • It is multi-purpose
  • It is easy to start
• ADVANTAGES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANT

  • Its Eco-friendly
  • It's Renewable
  • It brings a huge amount of energy
  • Operational and maintenance costs lower
  • It helps smaller plants in the area
  • Reduces the cost of fossil fuel
  • It is multi-purpose
  • It is easy to start
• Undershot Water wheel - it is rotated below the water line striking and gain energy from the movement of the flow
• Breastshot Water wheel - are shaped in the middle half of the wheel where it could be in the 9 o-clock or 10 0-clock position where it shaped to minimize turbulence helps utilize kinetic and potential energy
• Overshot Water Wheel - it is where the water is mounted on the top of the wheel where higher elevation water supply is of great advantage
• Backshot Water Wheel - also called the "pitchback" has distinct similarities with the undershot and breastshot wheels but the water is on the top position just like the overshot wheel but rotates from the backside it will enhance performance especially in flood conditions.
• DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANT

  • Climate change may hinder particularly Drought and Famine
  • May have impacts on marine biology
  • Water must have an abundance
  • Dam constructions are expensive
  • There are limited reservoirs
  • It is still hazardous
  • Hard to execute
• DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANT

  • Climate change may hinder particularly Drought and Famine
  • May have impacts on marine biology
  • Water must have an abundance
  • Dam constructions are expensive
  • There are limited reservoirs
  • It is still hazardous
  • Hard to execute
• TYPES OF WATER WHEELS

  1. Undershot Water wheel
  2. Breastshot Water wheel
  3. Overshot Water Wheel
  4. Backshot Water Wheel
• CAMP JOHN HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANT - The very first hydroelectric powerplant in the Philippines started in 1913 in Baguio City where it had an installed capacity of 560 kilowatts
• North Luzon Hydroelectric Plants

  • Angat Hydroelectric Dam
  • Bustos Dam Angat Afterbay Regulator Dam
  • Ambuklao Dam
  • Binga Hydroelectric Dam
  • Magat Dam
  • Pantabangan Dam
  • San Roque Dam
• Angat Hydroelectric Dam - It powers a hydroelectric powerplant that also supplies portable water to Metro Manila. It is 131 meters high and according to PAGASA, it has normal high water of 210 meters. Its three gates open a total of 1.5 that gradually release water due to continuous rainfalls during typhoons
• Bustos Dam Angat Afterbay Regulator Dam - Also known as Angat Afterbay Regulator Dam it is a small irrigation dam at Bustos, Bulacan often mistaken by locals as the Angat Dam due to it being close to the location of the town in Angat. It is the longest rubber dam in Asia and the 2nd largest in the world which is at 79 meters.
• Ambuklao Dam - Hydroelectric Facility located in Barangay Ambuclao, Bokod, Benguet which can store up to 327,170,000 cubic metres (265,240 acre-ft) 36 km from Baguio City it can generate 105 megawatts of electricity in the Luzon grid
• Binga Hydroelectric Dam - A dam in Agno River connected to a hydroelectric power plant in Barrio Binga, Barangay Tinongdan municipality of Itogon in Benguet Province located 31 km (19 mi) southeast of Baguio
• Magat Dam - It is a large rock-fill dam located along with Magat River one the tributaries in Cagayan rivers it started in 1975 and completed in 1982, this multi-purpose dam is primarily used for irrigation of 85,000 hectares (210,000) acres of agricultural lands, to control flood and generate enough power through the powerplant
• Pantabangan Dam - It is an earth-fill embankment type of dam in Pampanga river located at Pantabangan in Nueva Ecija. This multi-purpose dam uses water for irrigating purposes as it generates power in hydroelectric plant and its reservoir the Pantabangan lake helps in flood control.
• San Roque Dam - It is the largest dam in the Philippines and 16th largest in the world. It covers up to the municipalities of San Manuel and San Nicholas Pangasinan nearly 200 km north of Metro Manila
• South Luzon Hydroelectric Plants

  • Casecnan Irrigation and Hydroelectric Plant
  • Lumot River Dam
• Casecnan Irrigation and Hydroelectric Plant - It is a dam that diverts water from Casecnan and Taan rivers to the Pantambangan Reservoir through a 26 km (16 mi) long tunnel located near Pantambangan and Munoz in Nueva Ecija. This multi-purpose dam provides water for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation purposes
• Lumot River Dam - It is an embankment dam located near the towns of Cavinti and Lumban at the province of Laguna. The dam that was constructed across Lumot River (Lumot Lake) providing additional water through Bell-mouth spillway and tunnel to Caliraya Lake that serves as upper reservoir for Kalayaan Pumped-Storage Hydroelectric Plant
• Mindanao Hydroelectric Plants

  • Agusan Hydroelectric Plant
  • Agus I Hydroelectric Plant
  • Agus II Hydroelectric Plant
  • Agus IV Hydroelectric Plant
  • Agus V Hydroelectric Plant
  • Agus VI Hydroelectric Plant
  • Agus VII Hydroelectric Plant
  • Pulangi IV Hydroelectric Power Plant