Carbon is absorbed by plants when they carry out photosynthesis - It becomes carbon compounds in plant tissues
Carbon is passed on to primary consumers when they eat the plants. It's passed on to secondary and tertiary consumers when they eat other consumers.
All living organisms die and the carbon compounds in the fead organisms are digested by microorganisms called decomposers
Carbon is returned to the air as all living organisms (including decomposers) carry out respiration.
If dead organic matter ends up in places where there isn't any decompsers their carbon compounds can be turned into fossil fuels over millions of years using heat and pressure
The carbon in fossil fuels is released when they're burnt - this is called coombustion
As well as coal, otehr types of rock can be formed from dead organic matter deposited on the sea floor
One way carbon can be returned to the atmosphere from these rocks is by them being drawn down deep into the earths crust