DRRR

• Displaced Populations


  When countries are ravaged by earthquakes or other powerful forces of nature, many people need to abandon their homes and seek shelter in other regions
• Health Risks


  Severe flooding can result in stagnant water that allows breeding of waterborne bacteria and malaria-carrying mosquitoes. Without emergency relief, death tolls can rise even after the immediate danger has passed
• Food Scarcity

  The aftermath of natural disasters affects the food supplies. As a result, food prices rise, reducing families' purchasing power and increasing the risk of severe malnutrition or worse
• Emotional Aftershocks

  Confronted with scenes of destruction and the deaths of friends and loved ones, many children develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a serious psychological condition resulting from extreme trauma
• Ways to Plan Ahead for a Disaster

  • Check for hazards at home
  • Identify safe place indoors and outdoors
  • Educate yourself and family members
  • Have Disaster kits / supplies on hand
  • Develop an emergency communication plan
  • Help your community get ready
  • Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle
• Physical Perspective of Disaster

  Calamities are phenomena that cause great physical damage in a community infrastructure, its people and their properties, e.g. houses and environmental sources of living
• Effects of Physical Disasters

  • Injuries
  • Physical disabilities or illness
  • Sanitation
  • Damage in infrastructure
• Psychological Perspective of Disaster

  Victims of disasters may suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and other serious mental health conditions, which are not being given much attention to by the authorities or even by the victims, themselves
• Psychological Effects of Disaster

  • Distress
  • Intrusion /avoidance
  • Hatred / revenge
  • Dependence/insecurities, etc.
• Socio-cultural Perspective of Disaster

  Filipinos are generally known as "matisin", resourceful, helpful, optimistic, and prayerful. Such perspective helps a lot especially those who belong to the marginalized sector to be hopeful and continue fighting against any challenge at hand
• Socio-Cultural Effects of Disasters

  • Change in individual roles
  • Disruption of social relationships and personal connections
• Economic Perspective of Disaster

  Disasters affect the economic condition of a community because they reduce local and international trade
• Economic Effects of Disasters

  • Loss of life
  • Unemployment
  • Loss of property, etc.
• Political Perspective of Disaster


  Natural disasters are commonly thought to be less politically argumentative than armed conflicts, yet a closer look shows that both the effects of a natural disaster and the resulting distribution of humanitarian aid are profoundly linked to politics
• Biological Perspective of Disaster

  The disturbing effects caused by a prevalent kind of disease or virus in an epidemic or pandemic level is known as biological disaster
• Levels of Biological Disasters

  • Epidemic Level: within a given community or area
  • Pandemic Level: much large region, sometime spanning entire continents or the globe
• Effects of Biological Disasters

  • Loss of lives
  • Public demobilization
  • Negative economic effect, etc.
• Vulnerability


  A state of being at risk. The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or resource that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard
• Population Density


  The number of individuals living in an area in relation to the size of an area. The primary consideration is not the population size but the population density
• Capacity and Efficiency to Reduce Disaster Risk


  A community that is less vulnerable has the capacity to reduce disaster risk because it can provide accessibility and availability of services and facilities during and after disaster, and it has the ability to anticipate, adapt, and respond to possible disaster
• Types of Vulnerabilities

  • Physical vulnerability
  • Social vulnerability
  • Economic vulnerability
• Physical Vulnerability

  Includes population density levels, place of a settlement, the site design, and materials used for infrastructure and housing
• Social Vulnerability


  Happens due to inability of people, organization, and societies to prevent severe effects from hazards because of the expected behavior in social interactions, institutions, and systems of cultural values
• Economic Vulnerability

  Based on the economic status of individuals, communities, and nations. The poorer the country, the higher the economic vulnerability
• Capacity and efficiency to reduce Disaster Risk


  Community that is less vulnerable has the capacity to reduce disaster risk because:
• Community that is less vulnerable

  • It can provide accessibility and availability of services and facilities during and after disaster
  • It has the ability to anticipate, adapt, and respond to possible disaster
• Economic vulnerability

  Based on the economic status of individuals, communities, and nations. The poorer the country, the more vulnerable to disasters because they lack the funds or budgets to build sturdy structures and put other engineering measures in place which protect them from being affected by disasters
• Environmental vulnerability

  Caused by natural resources depletion and destruction
• Hazard


  A harmful condition, substance, human behavior or condition that can cause loss of life, injury or other health effects, harm to property, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption or damage to the environment
• Exposure


  The presence of elements at risk or chance of being harmed from a natural or man-made hazard event
• Vulnerability


  The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or asset, that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard and inability of a community to prevent, mitigate, prepare for and respond to hazardous events
• Risk


  The probability of possible adverse effects. It results from the mix of hazards, risk conditions and inadequate capability or measures
• Types of Hazards

  • Natural hazards
  • Quasi-natural hazards
  • Technological (or man-made) hazards
• Natural hazards

  • earthquakes, tsunami, landslides, volcanic eruptions and floods
• Quasi-natural hazards


  • pollution or desertification, smog and fog
• Technological (or man-made) hazards

  • accidental release of chemicals, toxic and pesticides to floral and fauna
• Technology or Man-Made Hazards Signs and Symbols

  • Flame
  • Health Hazard
  • Exploding Bomb
  • Skull and Crossbones
  • Environment
  • Environment
• Natural Hazards Signs and Symbols

  • Natural disasters
• Different impact of hazards

  • Physical impact
  • Psychological impact
  • Socio-cultural impact
  • Economic impact
  • Environmental impact
  • Biological impact
• Hazard identification and risk assessment

  1. Identify the hazards

  2. Assess the Risk

  3. Make the changes

  4. Checking the changes made