Key Words (Newton's Laws)

• Balanced forces are when multiple forces acting on an object cancel each other out and produce no overall effect.
• How do you find the elastic potential energy formula?

  Work done = 0.5 × force in spring × extension distance
• How do you work out the force in a spring?

  Force = spring constant × extension distance
• Gravitational field strength is the force of gravity acting per kg of mass.
• How do you work out the gravitational potential energy?

  Mass × gravitational field strength (g) × change in height
• Inertia is the resistance of an object to a change in its motion, which gets bigger with mass.
• Joules are the units of measurement of work and/or energy.
• What is the formula for kinetic energy?

  KE = 0.5 × mass × speed²
• Newton's first law is that an object will remain at rest or in motion unless it experiences a net force.
• Newton's second law can be simplified to ' resultant force = mass ² × acceleration '.
• Newton's third law is "if one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object".
• The reaction force is the force exerted by the object in the opposite direction to the action force.
• The resultant force is the sum of all the forces acting on an object.
• Terminal velocity is when the weight on a falling object equals the air resistance force so the object falls at a constant speed.
• Weight is the force on an object due to gravity.
• The formula for weight is weight = mass × gravitational field strength.
• Work is the term in physics used to describe the energy transferred when energy changes from one form to other forms.
• The formula for work done is work done = force × distance travelled.