when compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural formula. 2 different types: chain and position
Types of reactants
free radicals= very reactive. species with an unpaired electron. 2. nucleophile= species which contains a lone pair eg. h2o,oh-. 3. electrophile= species that seek an electron rich site eg.br+,cl+.
homiletic fission
where a covalent bond breaks and each atom retains one of the shared pair of electrons
heterolytic fission
a covalent bond breaks and one of the atoms joined by the bond takes both of the shared pair of electrons
elimination reaction
involves the loss of a small molecule to produce a multiple bond
primary alcohol
in a 1 degree alcohol, the carbon the OH group is attached to is only bonded to one alkyl group
when addressing the big qer to identifying compounds, try to address each piece of info given
mass spec= look for molecular ion. -> mr identified. Try to address any possible fragments from peaks. Look for peaks at 35/37- 3:1 ratio. 70/72/72- 9:6:1 ratio= chlorine. 79/81= bromine peak. infra-red= this helps to identify bonds within the molecule. Look for broad peak= OH.
