Reproduction

• Reproduction


  Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction involving 2 parents. The offspring formed are genetically different from both parents.
• Gametes


  Male and female sex cells that fuse during sexual reproduction
• Gametes


  • Haploid - half the number of cells, containing one set of chromosomes
  • Diploid cells - contain the full number of chromosomes
• Reproductive system in plants

  1. Anther (pollen)

  2. Ovary

  3. Ovule

  4. Gamete
• Anther


  • Organ which produces gamete
  • Tough outer layer to protect the haploid nucleus inside the grain
• Ovule


  • Contains a food tissue to support the developing seed
• Reproductive system in animals

  1. Male: Sperm, Sperm duct, Urethra, Testis, Penis

  2. Female: Egg (ovum), Oviduct, Ovary, Uterus, Vagina
• Sperm


  • Male gametes
  • Have a tail to swim to the egg for fertilisation
  • Contain many mitochondria to produce energy
• Egg (ovum)


  • Female gametes
  • Much larger than sperm to provide energy for cell growth
• Fertilisation


  1. Fusion of male and female gametes to produce a diploid zygote

  2. Occurs in the oviduct
• Sperm has 23 chromosomes, egg has 46 chromosomes, zygote has 46 chromosomes
• The zygote will then undergo cell division to form an embryo