Gross Negligence Manslaughter is committed when the defendant owes the victim a duty of care but breaches that in a criminal way and is therefore negligent in causing the death of the victim.
R v Adomako outlines the four elements:
The existence of a duty of care
A breach of that duty caused death
There was a risk of death
Gross Negligence
Donoghue v Stevenson outlines duty of care and the neighbour principle.
Caparo v Dickman says the Judge can decide if the imposition of a duty would be "just and reasonable"
A breach of duty is when the D falls below the standard of care.
The breach must be serious.
Finlay.
Risk of death comes from causation.
R v Singh
The negligence must be gross.
Bateman: "Disregard for the life and safety of others"