East Asia

• How did the Chinese imperial map change in this period?

  The Chinese imperial map changed primarily due to the expansion of the Mongol Empire. Under leaders like Genghis Khan and his successors, the Mongols conquered vast territories, including parts of China. This led to the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, which ruled over a significant portion of Asia, including China. So, the Chinese imperial map expanded to incorporate regions brought under Mongol rule.
• What kind of values were emphasized in the Confucian writings that continued to be so important in China in this period?

  filial piety, respect for elders, harmony, social order, education, self-cultivation, humanity
• What were some of the important innovations of China's Song dynasty?

  Printing, paper money, gunpowder, champa rice
• What were two of the main forms that Buddhism took in Japan?

  Zen and Pure Land
• What was Zen?

  emphasized rigorous discipline and obedience to masters
• What was Pure Land?

  ventured the buddha amitabha and offered the possibility of reaching paradise through simple devotional practices
• What form of Buddhism were Zen and Pure Land?

  Mahayana
• What was a Shogun?

  • top generals in military position
  • advised emporers on major decisions 
  • appointed officials to all important govt positions
  • directed the military 
  • center of courtly life
• What was a samurai?

  They were warriors who fought for landowning artistocrats during the Civil War
• Explain the effects of Chinese cultural traditions on East Asia over time?

  • bureaucratic system
  • language and writing
  • confucianism
  • literature & philosophy 
  • art & architecture 
• How did China and its East Asian neighbors in this period form a type of network?

  Trade & Commerce, Diplomacy & Tribute Systems, Cultural Exchange, Confucianism as a unified ideology, Political Alliances & Conflicts, Maritime Trade & Navigation
• What central ideas of Confucianism were significant in the way that the societies interacted and organized as communities?

  • filial piety
  • social hiearchy & role differentiations
  • education and moral development
  • benevolence
• taxes

  • The Song also promoted the growth of a commercial economy by changing how they built public projects, such as roads and irrigation canals. Instead of requiring that people labor on these projects, the government paid people to work on them. This change increased the amount of money in circulation, promoting economic growth.
• Tributary system


  An arrangement in which other states had to pay money or provide goods to honor the Chinese emperor
• Tributary system


  • Cemented China's economic and political power over several foreign countries
  • Created stability and stimulated trade for all parties involved
• Origins of the tributary system existed

  Han Dynasty
• Japan, Korea, and kingdoms throughout southeast Asia were tributary states

  Song Dynasty
• Kowtow


  A ritual in which anyone greeting the Chinese emperor must bow his or her head until it reached the floor
• Receiving tribute


  Chinese sent out tremendous fleets led by Zheng He to demonstrate the power of the emperor and to receive tribute