Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a)

• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Aim: To see if children were more likely to be aggressive if exposed to an aggressive role model in fil/cartoon, rather than in person.
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Results: Control group carried out around half as much aggression as the other groups.
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Results: No significant difference between live models and filmed or cartoon models.
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Conclusion: Children will imitate filmed aggression in the same way as live aggression role models.
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Conclusion: Exposure to filmed aggression heightens aggressive reactions in children.
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Sample: Opportunity sampling. 96 children (48 boys and 48 girls), aged 3-5 from Stanford university nursery school.
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Procedure: Used 4 conditions

  1. control group (no exposure to any model at all)
  2. Real-Life Aggressive condition
  3. Human Film-Aggression condition
  4. Cartoon Film-Aggression condition
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Procedure: Human Film-Aggression condition:  The models in the film presentations were the same adult males and females who participated in the Real-Life condition of the experiment. Identical aggressive behavior was portrayed. 
• Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963a): Procedure: Cartoon Film-Aggression condition: The children watched a film where a female adult dressed up as a cartoon cat whilst following the script of the Bobo doll