enzymes and digestive enzymes

• enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
• temperature affects the rate at which enzymes work as they have optimal temperatures where their active sites are most stable
• enzymes are all large proteins made up of chains of amino acids
• every enzyme has a specific shape and specificity to catalyze a reaction
• every enzyme has an active site with a unique shape that fits a substrate
• digestive enzymes break down big molecules
• starch proteins and fats are all big molecules that are to big to pass through the wall of digestive system
• enzymes break down starch proteins and fats into sugar amino acids and glycerol
• carbohydrates convert carbs into simple sugars
• amylase is a carb that breaks down starch and can be found in the salivary glands and pancreas
• proteases are proteins that break down protein and they can be found in the stomach, small intestine and pancreas
• lipases are lipids that break down fat and they can be found in the mouth, gall bladder and small intestine
• bile is produced in the liver
• the function of bile is to emulsify fats so it can be broken down by lipases