week 7 to 8 part 1

• S&T and the Human Condition


  (Human Flourishing as Reflected in Progress and Development)
• Eudaimonia


  The Ultimate Good
• Arete


  Human Happiness
• Human Person Flourishing in terms of S&T

  • Martin Heidegger
  • C.S. Lewis
  • Jason Hickel
• When Technology and Humanity Cross

  • Why the future doesn't need us - Bill Joy
• Philosophers


  • Martin Heidegger
  • C.S. Lewis
  • Aristotle
  • Jason Hickel
  • Bill Joy
• Happiness


  (in Psychology) a mental or emotional state of well-being which can be defined by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy
• Happiness


  (to behaviorists) a cocktail of emotions we experience when we do something good or positive
• Happiness


  (to neurologists) the experience of a flood of hormones released in the brain as a reward for behavior that prolongs survival
• Factors such as per capita gross domestic product, healthy years of life expectancy, trust and perceived freedom to make life choices were all considered in measuring happiness
• According to the "World of Happiness report 2021," the Philippines is ranked number 61st for overall happiness within the country
• Ten unhappiest nations


  • Burundi
  • Central African Republic
  • South Sudan
  • Tanzania
  • Yemen
  • Rwanda
  • Syria
  • Liberia
  • Haiti
  • 10) Malawi
• Aristotle


  The most significant thinker and the most accomplished individual who has ever lived
• Happiness


  (according to Aristotle) the ultimate end of human action, defines a good life
• Human Flourishing


  (according to Aristotle) involves the rational use of one's individual human potentials, including talents, abilities and virtues in the pursuit of his freely and rationally chosen values and goals
• Human Flourishing


  (according to Aristotle) is a moral accomplishment and fulfillment of human capacities, and it is one through being the other. Self-actualization is a moral growth and vice-versa.
• Human Flourishing


  (according to Aristotle) becomes an actuality when one uses his practical reason to consider his unique needs, circumstances, capabilities, and so on, to determine which concrete instantiations of human values and virtues will comprise his well-being
• Self-direction


  (according to Aristotle) involves the use of one's reason and is central and necessary for possibility of attaining human flourishing, self-esteem, and happiness
• Virtues


  (according to Aristotle) are the means to values which enable us to achieve human flourishing and happiness
• Aristotle: '"Virtue,then, being of two kinds, intellectual and moral. Intellectual virtue in the main owes its birth and growth to teaching (for which reason it requires experience and time), while Moral virtue comes about as a result of habit."'
• Nicomachean Ethics


  A philosophical inquiry into the nature of the good life for a human being
• Eudaimonia


  A term that combines the Greek words for "good" and "spirit" to describe the ideology; living well and doing well
• Eudaimonia


  (according to Aristotle) defines happiness as the pursuit of becoming a better person
• Eudaimonia


  (according to Aristotle) is the highest good of human endeavors and than toward which all actions aim. It is success as a human being.
• Eudaimonists


  People who challenge themselves intellectually or engage in activities that make them spiritually richer people
• Eudaimonia


  According to Aristotle, the end of all actions that we perform which we desire for itself - flourishing or happiness, which is desired for its own sake with all other things being desired on its account
• Eudaimonia


  A property of one's life when considered as a whole. Flourishing is the highest good of human endeavors and than toward which all actions aim. It is success as a human being. The best life is one of excellent human activity
• Arete


  Greek term which defined as "excellence of any kind" and can also mean "moral virtue"
• Virtue


  What makes one function well
• Types of virtue


  • Intellectual virtue
  • Moral virtue
• Intellectual virtue


  Achieved through education, time, and experience. Acquired through self-taught knowledge and skills as much as those knowledge and skills taught and learned in formal institutions
• Key intellectual virtues


  • Wisdom, which guides ethical behavior
  • Understanding, which is gained from scientific endeavors and contemplation
• Moral virtue


  Achieved through habitual practice. It is like a skill.
• Some key moral virtues

  • Generosity
  • Temperance
  • Courage
• The capacity for intellectual virtue is innate, but it is brought into completion only by practice
• Developing moral virtues


  1. Repeatedly being unselfish to develop generosity

  2. Repeatedly resisting and foregoing every inviting opportunity to develop temperance

  3. Repeatedly exhibiting the proper action and emotional response in the face of danger to develop courage
• Both intellectual and moral virtue should be in accordance with reason to achieve eudaimonia
• A virtue is ruined by any excess and deficiency in how one lives and acts
• A balance between two extremes is a requisite of virtue
• All lawful things are in some sense just