Chapter 5.1

• Achievement Motivation - the tendency to approach or avoid competitive situations. Summed up as a drive to successes minus the fear of failure.
• NACH - the need to achieve, approach behaviour. The player welcomes competition.
• NAF - the need to failure; avoidance behaviour. The player avoids risk.
• attributing success internally - giving a reason for success that is due to the responsibility of the player.
• interaction - the combination of the situational and personality factors that decide the level of achievement motivation.
• confidence - a belief in the ability to master a task.
• trait confidence - a belief in the ability to do well in a range of sports
• state confidence - a belief in the ability to master a specific sporting movement
• competitive orientation - the degree to which a performer is drawn to a challenging situation
• objective sporting situation - the performance take I Ito account the situation in which the task in being undertaken
• self- efficacy - a belief in the a person's ability to master a specific sporting situation
• performance accomplishments - what you have already achieved
• vicarious experience - seeing others do the task.
• verbal persuasion - encouragement from others
• emotional arousal - a perception of the effects of anxiety on performance
• leader - someone who has influence in helping others to achieve their goals
• prescribed leader - appointed from outside the group
• emergent leader - appointed from within the group
• autocratic approach - leader makes the decisions
• person-orientated leadership - concerned with interpersonal relationships
• task leadership - concerned with getting results
• required behaviour - what the situation demands
• actual behaviour - what the leader decides to to do in relation to leadership style
• preferred behaviours - what the group wants
• stress - a negative response of the body to a threat causing anxiety
• eustress - the positive response of the body to threat
• cognitive effects of stress - these are phycological
• somatic effects of stress - these are physiological
• cue utilisation - the ability to process information is directly linked to the level of arousal
• attribution - a perception of the reason for an outcome of an event
• internal attribute - within the performers control
• external attribution - outside the performers control
• stable attribute - unlikely to change in the short term
• unstable attribute - can change in.short amount of time
• self-serving bias - using external and/or unstable reasons for losing
• learning helplessness - using internal stable reasons for losing
• attribution retraining - changing the given reason for success and failure