midterm

• bacteriostatic - the agents inhibits growth
• bactericidal - the agent kills bacteria
• Nosocomial infection - infection that acquired in the hospital
• Iatrogenic Infection - type of nosocomial infections that result from a diagnostic or therapeutical procedure
• Sporadic Infection - irregular, haphazardly, and time to time
• Exotic Infection - imported to a country where it does not exist
• IgG - enhances phagocytosis, neutralizes toxins and viruses, protects fetus and newborn.
• IgM - first antibodies produced during an immune response; binds to antigens and activates complement system.
• IgA - protects mucous membranes against invading organisms by binding them together and preventing their attachment to host cells.
• IgD - b cell surface, initiate immune response.
• Natural Immunity - occurs through contact with a disease-causing agent, where the contact was not deliberate.
• Artificial Immunity - produced by deliberate exposure to an antigen, as in vaccination
• Passive Immunity - the protection by products produced by an animal or human.
• Active Immunity - the protection that is produced by the persons own immune system.
• Immune Response - is the reaction of the body's cells and fluids to the presence of a substance unknown to the body.
• Antigen - any agent that binds to components of the immune response-lymphocytes.
• Immunogen - any agent capable of inducing an immune response.
• Active immunization - induction of immunity after exposure to an antigen.
• Passive Immunization - when pre-synthesized elements of the immune system are transferred to a person.
• Artificial Passive Immunization - a short-term immunization which is achieved by the transfer of human antibodies for a pathogen
• Inactivated Vaccine - consists of virus or bacteria that are grown in culture and then killed.
• Attenuated Vaccine - live viruses or bacteria with very low virulence are administered.
• Agglutination - clumping of particles together, and antigen-antibody reaction that occurs when an antigen is mixed with corresponding antibody at a suitable ph and temp
• Antitoxin - antibody derived from serum of animals after stimulation with specific antigens.
• Cross Infection - transfer of harmful infection microorganism
• Cytotoxin T cell - type of immune cell, attack and destroys infection
• Enterotoxin - substance that is harmful to your digestive system
• Immune Globulin - antibody-containing solution derived from human blood in the form of blood plasma
• Immune Surveillance - a host protection or protective mechanisms where by the immune system recognizes and eliminates harmful substances
• Inflammation - triggered by tissue damage. localized response to injury or irritation characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function
• Latent infection - the residence in the body of a specific infectious agent without any manifest symptoms
• Macrolides - bind to the 23S rRNA in the 50S subunit ribosomes inhibiting protein synthesis.
• Neurotoxin - substance that alters the structure/function of nervous system
• Neutralization - when an acid and a base react to form a water and salt
• Obligate - organisms that cannot complete its life cycle without its host
• Opportunistic Infection - occur more often or are more sever in people with weakened immune system
• Opsonization - coating process with opsonins that facilitates attachments.
• Primary Infection - initial infection that occurs when a host organisms is first exposed to a particular pathogen.
• Primary Host - target host that organism wants to infect so it can live its life cycle and reproduce
• Preventive Vaccine - administered to individuals who have not yet been exposed to a particular infectious agent.