Cells

• what is a cell?

  Cells are the building blocks of life. Cells are made up of protein, fats, carbohydrates, minerals salts, vitamins and water.
• Longitudinal section


  cuts along the cell
• Transverse section

  cuts across the cell
• Cells consists of protoplasm which is made up of:


  cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
• Cell structure that are visible under light- animal cell

  cell membrane, cytoplasm, small temporary vacuoles, nucleus
• Cell structure that are visible under light- plant cell 


  cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, large sap-filled vacuole, chloroplast
• Function- cell membrane 


  partially permeable and it controls the substance entering or leaving the cell
• Function- cytoplasm

  most cell activities happen here
• Function- nucleus

  contains genetic material made up of DNA which has hereditary information, controls activities of the cell such as cell division
• Function- vacuoles

  Animal cell have many small, temporary vacuoles containing water and food substances. Plant cell have a large, central vacuole filled with cell sap
• Function- cell wall (only found in plant cells)

  Made of cellulose, fully permeable, protects cells from injuries and gives the sell its regular shape.
• Function- chloroplast (only found in plant cells)


  contains green pigment known as chlorophyll, chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun, this allows the plant to make its own food during photosynthesis.