Ionic Bonding - (Dot and Cross Diagrams)

• Ions are charged particles formed when atoms loose or gain electrons.
• An ionic bond is strong electrostatic attractions between positive (cations) and negative ions (anions).
• When a metal and non-metal react, the metal atom looses electrons and forms positive cations. The non-metal gains the electrons forming negative anions.
• A lattice structure is a closely packed regular arrangement of particles.
• Properties of Ions:

  • High melting / boiling points
  • Conduct electricity when molten or aqueous - ions are free to move around and carry the charge
• Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points because lots of energy is needed to overcome the strong electrostatic forces of attraction.