Group 1 elements

• • All have one electron in their outer Shell
  • All soft with low density
• trends as you go down the group:

  • Increasing reactivity. The more shells the less electromagnetic force from the nucleus
  • lower melting and boiling points
  • Higher relative atomic mass
• Alkali metals form ionic compounds with non- metals

  - Form 1 + ions

  • easy for them to loose their electrons So they only ever react to form ionic compounds which are usualy White solids that dissolve in water to form colourless solutions
• Reaction with water produces hydrogen gas:

  • lithium, sodium and potassium move on the surface of the water and fizz.
  • this produces hydrogen
  • for potassium and below in the group, theres enough energy to ignite the hydrogen which causes a spack
  • they form hydroxides ? l.g. sodium hydroxide
• Reaction with Chlorine produces a salt:

  • Group 1 metals react vigorously When heated in chlorine gas to form white salts called metal Chlorides
• They all react with oxygen to form metal oxides e.g.

  • sodium Oxide
  • potassium peroxide