Narrative (S5)

• What are the 3 key areas to narrative structure?

  Narrative structure, characters, structuralism
• What's a three act structure?


  1)Setup

  2)Confrontation

  3)Resolution
• What are Barthes' four codes?

  1)Action code

  2)Semantic code

  3)Enigma code

  4)Referential code
• What's an action code?


  It indicates something else is going to happen (gun is shown, there will be a shootout)
• What's an enigma code?

  It's an unexplained element (why have they got a gun? Who’s getting shot?)
• What's a semantic code?

  It gives additional meaning through connotation (whit hat/protagonist, black hat/antagonist)
• What's a referential code?

  Refers to real world/cultural understanding (old woman with apple -know this is bad because of cultural understanding)
• Who came up with the narrative theory 'The hero's journey'?

  Vogler
• What are the 12 steps of Vogler's 'Hero's journey'?

  1. The Ordinary World
  2. The Call to Adventure
  3. Refusal of the Call
  4. Meeting the Mentor
  5. Crossing the First Threshold
  6. Tests, Allies, and Enemies
  7. Approach to the Inmost Cave
  8. The Supreme Ordeal
  9. Reward
  10. The Road Back
  11. Resurrection
  12. Return with the Elixir
• Ordinary world:


  Hero in normal world but unsatisfied
• Call to adventure:


  Catalyst that pushes hero out of ordinary world
• Refusal of call:


  Hero resists call, adding tension and conflict
• Meeting mentor:


  Mentor encourages hero -guidance and support 
• Crossing threshold:


  First moment of departure from ordinary world
• Tests, allies, enemies 


  Series of trials 
• The approach to the innermost cave

  Hero's ready for supreme ordeal
• The supreme ordeal:


  Hero faces final fear in a showdown with nemesis
• Reward:


  Hero defeats enemy and claims prize 
• Road back:


  Consequences of hero’s actions, unresolved issues reappear
• Resurrection:


  An event that changes hero and allows return to ordinary world
• Return with elixir:


  Loose ends tied up, hero's journey complete
• The hero's journey in TIE...
• Ordinary world in TIE:

  Shaun getting bullied
• Call to adventure in TIE:

  Woody's gang
• Refusal of call in TIE:


  Invited to go hunting
• Meeting mentor in TIE:

  Combo/Woody
• Crossing threshold in TIE:

  Makeover scenes
• Tests, allies, enemies in TIE:

  Test -Sahndu's shop

  Allies -Woody's gang

  Enemies -Banjo
• Approach to innermost cave in TIE:

  Combo's flat
• The ordeal in TIE:

  Combo beats Milky
• Reward in TIE:


  Shaun realising Combo's ideology is wrong
• Road back in TIE:

  Talks to his Mum
• Resurrection in TIE:


  Throws away flag
• Return with elixir in TIE:

  Shaun turning and breaking 4th wall
• What are the 4 narrative markers?

  Temporal, geographical, generic and character
• What's a temporal marker?


  Tells time when film is set
• What's a geographical marker?

  Tells where film is set
• What's a generic marker?

  Tells which genre film is (spaceship = sci-fi)
• What's a character marker?


  Which character we're aligned with
• Who came up with the 5-act narrative structure?

  Todorov