act 4

• Macbeth meets the witches again and receives three apparitions about his future: to beware of Macduff, that no one of ​“woman born” ​can harm him, and that he will never be defeated until ​“Birnam Wood [come] to high Dunsinane hill”​.
• Lady Macduff describes Macduff as a traitor, saying he has betrayed her by going to England. Macbeth has Lady Macduff and their son killed.
• • Malcolm tests Macduff loyalty and decides to trust him. Ross arrives and tells them they need to go back to Scotland. He later tells Macduff that Macbeth has killed his wife and child, Malcolm tells Macduff to take revenge.
• "Macbeth shall never vanquished be until / Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill / Shall come against him"


  third apparition to macbeth - he believes he wont ever be defeated because he knows nothing can move a forest
• "Be bloody, bold, and resolute; laugh to scorn / The power of man, for none of woman born / Shall harm Macbeth"


  second appariton to macbeth - no man who is born from a woman can defeat Macbeth, later proven true because Macduff was born by c-section, sets Macbeth up for failure by giving him false hope
• "The flighty purpose never is o'ertook / Unless the deed go with it: from this moment / The very firstlings of my heart shall be / The firstlings of my hand."


  now that he knows Macduff is fighting against him in England, his anger will become actions - perhaps a soliloquy
• "When our actions do not, / Our fears do make us traitors" 


  Lady Macduff calls her husband a traitor to their family after he flees for England, he is cowardly to flee and leave his family behind
• "By the pricking of my thumbs, Something wicked this way comes"


  said by witches - calling macbeth , sort of bragging because his wickedness is partially their creation
• "Angels are bright still, though the brightest fell"


  Malcom says this to Macduff - some angels are still good but others are bad that actually appear to be good, Macbeth is a corrupt man who appears to be good
• "This tyrant, whose sole name blisters our tongues,Was once thought honest"


  Malcom to Macduff - Malcom believes that Macbeth is a tyrant, says none of his companions support him anymore, Macbeth is thought to be dishonest and corrupt
• "Double, double toil and trouble"


  spoken by witches - reminder that their speech is full of double meanings, many characters in the play act as "doubles" for Macbeth (sort of people he might have been if his ambition hadn't taken over)