Self Study

• Neonatal period is defined as the first month. While infancy is the first 12 months
• Toddler is defined as ages 1 to 3
• PEDs have a decreased tidal volume with a doubled metabolic oxygen demand. They also have smaller functional residual capacity.
• Injured children can maintain blood pressure for a long time so hypotension is very late and ominous sign
• The PED brain has nearly twice the blood flow which makes minor injuries more significant and increases risk of hypxoia
• Vertebral fractures and spinal cord injuries in young children are uncommon
• Newborns lack the ability to shiver
• Newborns requiring aggressive resuscitation should not be overly warmed