Viruses cannot be the first form of life because they need living cells to reproduce
Organisms of the same species
They look alike
They cannot hybridize with other species
Mammals
They are warm blooded
They have red blood cells without nuclei
They have a very high metabolism for more strenuous activity
Photosynthesis releases oxygen and requires carbon dioxide
An aerobic organism is placed in an anaerobic environment
The mitochondrion will be the first to cease its function
Cell
The basic unit of life that can perform the fundamental life processes and contains DNA
The cell membrane allows amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol to enter the cell, but not starch
Oxygen is important to the cell because it is required to generate large amounts of ATP, serves as an electron acceptor during respiration, and is needed by the mitochondria
Cellular respiration
Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP)
Increase in temperature
Increases the rate of cellular respiration
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed or permanently altered
Enzyme-substrate complex forms
Lowers the activation energy required for the reaction to occur
Enzymes are specific to the substrates they act upon
Factors that affect enzyme activity include temperature, pH, and the presence of inhibitors
The hereditary background of an organism depends on the DNA and their products
Products of DNA
Fatty acids
Proteins
Simple sugars
Starch
Nucleotides
The building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
Translation occurs among prokaryotes as well as eukaryotes because both possess ribosomes
Guanine pairs with cytosine and not with adenine because guanine and cytosine are both polar
Natural selection
The process of producing radioactive resistant bacteria by repeatedly exposing them to increasing doses of radioactive substances
Radioactive phosphorous was absorbed by the algae cells, making them radioactive
Plants living in desert habitats have several adaptations to survive
Adaptations of plants in desert habitats
Characteristics that allow them to conserve water
Broad and expanded leaves would have a higher surface area exposed to evaporation. Water loss would then be faster; the plant would lose water rather than conserving
The presence of the leaves during winter would cause greater surface area of the plant to be exposed to cold and dry conditions. They shed their leaves either to prevent water loss by evaporation or to prevent water within the plant from freezing
Ecological niche
The organism's place in the ecosystem: where it lives, what it consumes, and how it interacts with all biotic and abiotic factors
As Paramecium increases
Didinium also increases as there would be more food for the latter
As Paramecium decreases
The food supply for Didinium lessens, therefore the latter would decrease in population
Didinium is feeding on Paramecium
Normal curve
Log phase
Lag phase
Decline phase
Taigas have greater temperature extremes with cold winters and warm summers. The taiga experiences relatively low precipitation throughout the year
Deciduous forests are located in temperate regions and so experience four distinct seasons: winter, spring, summer and fall
Permafrost are permanently frozen soils found in the tundra biome, not in the grasslands
Rainforests possess the highest diversity among all the biomes
Carrying capacity
The population size that can be supported indefinitely by the resources of a given environment
Monocots
Single cotyledon in the seed, parallel venation, fibrous root system, floral parts in multiples of 3's and the absence of secondary growth
Dicots
Presence of 2 cotyledons in the seed, netted venation, taproot system, floral parts in multiples of 4's and 5's and the presence of secondary growth
Viruses require the genetic material and reproductive mechanisms of foreign cells in order to replicate themselves
Milkfish and sea horses are both bony fishes (Class Osteichthyes) under Phylum Chordata of Kingdom Animalia