skeletal system

• axial skeleton

  head, neck, trunk
• appendicular skeleton

  limbs
• where is cartilage found

  metaphysis in children or on articular surfaces of bones
• cartilage components


  chondrocytes, collagen, proteoglycans, water
• chondrocytes


  produce and maintain ECM
• hyaline cartilage

  thick layer over ends and joints, covered by perichondrium, structural support
• examples of hyaline cartilage

  ends of ribs, septum and trachea
• articular cartilage

  covers articular surfaces of moveable joints, type of hyaline cartilage
• articular surfaces dont have perichondrium
• elastic cartilage examples

  epiglottis, larynx, pinna
• elastic cartilage components

  cartilage matrix, perichondrium, lacunae
• elastic cartilage


  withstands repeated bending
• fibrocartilage components


  DICT and hyaline, no perichondrium
• fibrocartilage examples

  meniscus and intervertebral discs
• diaphysis 


  shaft of bone
• epiphysis


  ends of bones
• metaphyses


  area of longitudinal growth
• medullary cavity

  contains red or yellow bone marrow
• compact bone

  outer layer, smooth, solid
• spongey bone

  internal part, with trabeculae
• periosteum

  thin CT covering bones
• endosteum

  thin CT lining medullary cavity
• long bone

  longer than wide
• long bone examples

  femur, phalanges
• short bone examples

  carpal and tarsal
• flat bones

  two parallel plates of compact bone separated by spongey bone, usually curved
• flat bone examples

  sternum and ribs
• irregular bone examples

  hip, vertebrae, calcaneus
• sesamoid

  develop within tendons
• sutural bones

  small bones between two larger skull bones
• functional joint classifications

  synarthroses, amphiarthroses, diarthroses
• synarthroses

  little to no movement
• amphiarthroses

  little movement
• diarthroses

  freely moveable
• structural joint classifications

  fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
• fibrous examples

  gonphosis, suture, synesmosis
• cartilaginous examples

  synchondroses and symphyses
• synovial

  articulating bones separated by fluid joint cavity
• synovial joint example

  facet
• synovial plane

  gliding or sliding