UCSP 1 and 2

• Anthropology

  Study of humankind in all times and all places, including human origin, globalization, social change, and world history
• Fields of Anthropology

  • Cultural Anthropology
  • Linguistic Anthropology
  • Archaeology
  • Biological Anthropology
• Cultural Anthropology

  Study of living people and their cultures including variation and change, such as social lives, art, religion, migration, marriage, and family
• Linguistic Anthropology

  Study of communication mainly (but not exclusively) among humans, including origins, history, and communication variation
• Archaeology

  Study of past human cultures through their material remains
• Biological Anthropology

  Study of humans as biological organisms including their evolution and contemporary variation
• Sociology

  Study of human civilization, from the Latin word "socius" meaning "to associate" and "logos" meaning "study of knowledge"
• August Comte

  The "Father of Sociology"
• Branches of Sociology

  • Social Organization
  • Social Psychology
  • Applied Sociology
  • Population Studies
  • Human Ecology
  • Sociological Theory and Research
  • Social Change
• Political Science

  Study of government and political processes, institutions, and behaviors
• Politics

  The art and science of governing a city or state, a social process or strategy of control to gain, use, or lose power
• Government

  The agency through which the state is formulated, expressed, and carried out, an organized agency in a state to impose social control, a group of people that governs a community or unit
• Anthropological Perspectives

  • Unilineal Evolutionism
  • Cultural Diffusionism
  • Historical Particularism
  • Anthropological Functionalism
  • Anthropological Structuralism
  • Cultural Materialism
• Social Perspectives

  • Functionalism
  • Conflict Perspective
  • Symbolic Interactionism
  • Evolutionism
• Ethnocentrism

  One's own culture is superior compared to other cultures
• Xenocentrism

  One's own culture is inferior compared to other cultures
• Enculturation

  Gradual acquisition of the characteristics and norms of a culture
• Culture Shock

  Feeling of uncertainty, confusion, or anxiety that people experience in a society that is different from their own
• Explicit Culture

  Similarities in words and actions which can be directly observed
• Implicit Culture

  Exists in abstract forms that are not quite obvious
• Ethnocentrism

  Finding other cultural practices to be inferior, term coined by William Graham Sumner
• Cultural Relativism

  The idea that all norms, beliefs, and values are dependent on their cultural context and should be treated as such
• Xenocentrism

  A strong belief that one's own product, styles, or ideas are inferior to those which originate elsewhere
• Xenophobia

  The fear of what is perceived as foreign or strange