Case studies

• 2004 Asian tsunami


  Affected = 14 countries surrounding Indian ocean

  impacts

  • economic losses and deaths in Indonesia Thailand Sri Lanka and Somalia
• 2011 Japanese tsunami 


  affected = only Japan but the $$ impacts had global consequences

  impacts

  • disruption to ports factories and power supplies impacted global car production supply chin and those of Boeing jets and semiconductors used in modern electronics
• 2010 eyjafjallajökull eruption


  affected = >20 eu countries by total or partial closure of airspace

  impacts

  • ash cloud disrupted air travel bc of the dangers of jet engines ingesting ash
  • >100,000 cancelled flights costing >1 billion pounds in losses