physics

• What are the particles that make up an atom?

  Proton, neutron and electron
• What are the particles that make up a nucleus?

  Proton and neutron
• What charge does a proton have (positive, neutral or negative)?

  Positive
• What charge does a neutron have (positive, neutral or negative)?

  Neutral
• What charge does a electron have (positive, neutral or negative)?


  Negative
• Where is most of the mass of an atom concentrated?

  The nucleus
• What happens if an atomic electron absorbs electromagnetic radiation?

  It moves to a higher energy level (further from nucleus)
• What happens if an atomic electron emits electromagnetic radiation?

  It moves to a lower energy level (closer to nucleus)
• What is meant by the atomic number?

  Number of protons
• What is meant by the mass number?

  Total number of protons and neutrons
• What is an isotope?

  Same number of protons, different number of neutrons
• What is an ion?


  An atom that has lost or gained electron(s)
• Why is an atom always neutrally charged?

  Same number of protons as electrons
• What are the main features of The Plum Pudding Model?

  Ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded within
• What are the main features of The Rutherford Model?

  Tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus with electrons orbitting around
• Which model of the atom was the result of alpha particle scattering experiments?

  The Rutherford Model
• What are the main features of The Bohr Model?

  Electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances
• What did James Chadwick discover, 20 years after the nucleus became an accepted idea?

  Neutron
• Which particle is responsible for giving the nucleus its positive charge?

  Proton
• The discovery of which particle led to the idea of The Plum Pudding Model?

  Electron
• What is meant by "activity", when measuring radioactivity?

  The rate at which a source of unstable nuclei decays
• What are the units of activity?

  Becquerels (Bq)
• What is meant by "count rate", when measuring radioactivity?

  The number of decays recorded each second
• What is does a Geiger-Muller tube detect?

  Radioactivity
• What does an alpha particle consist of?

  2 protons, 2 neutrons
• What does an beta particle consist of?

  High speed electron
• What does a gamma particle consist of?

  Electromagnetic radiation
• Which radioactive particle is the same as a Helium nucleus?

  Alpha
• Which radioactive particle is the same as an electron?

  Beta
• Which radioactive particle is actually not a particle at all?

  Gamma
• What is the range of alpha in air?

  2-3 centimetres
• What is the range of beta in air?

  1 metre
• What is the range of gamma in air?

  Effectively infinite
• Which radioactive particle is the most ionising?

  Alpha
• Which radioactive particle is the least ionising?

  Gamma
• Which radioactive particle is the most easily stopped?

  Alpha
• Which radioactive particle is the most penetrative?

  Gamma
• Which radioactive particle is not affected by magnetic or electric fields?

  Gamma
• Which radioactive particle has a positive charge?

  Alpha
• Which radioactive particle has a negative charge?

  Beta