GE 4 MIDTERM

• Explains that the gonads begin to form until about the eight week of embryonic development

  Marieb, E. N. (2001)
• It refers to the meeting of the female sex cell and the male sex cell

  Fertilization
• Reproductive organ, sex cells are developed

  Gonads
• Male sex cell

  Spermatozoa
• Male gonads

  Testes
• Female sex cell

  Ova
• Female gonads

  Ovaries
• Fertilized egg, contains all the hereditary potentials from the parents

  Zygote
• 280 days, 36 weeks, 9 months

  Zygotes growth
• Code of heredity, contains several thousands of genes

  Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
• Is the unfolding of the inherent traits

  Maturation
• Substance called hormone that occurs naturally in men and male animals, depends the formation of male and female structure

  Testosterone
• Are formed who is an individual having accessory reproductive structures that do not match their gonads

  Pseudo Hermaphrodites
• Are individuals who posses both ovarian and testicular tissues but this condition is rare in nature

  Hermaphrodites
• The period of life when the reproductive organs grow to their adult size and become functional under the influence of rising levels of gonadal hormones, between the age of 10-15 years old

  Puberty
• At the age of 13, characterized by the increase in the size of the reproductive organ followed by the appearance of hair in the pubic area, axillary and face. The reproductive organ continue to grow for two years until sexual maturation marked by the presence of mature semen in the testes

  Male Puberty
• The budding of their breast usually occurring at the age of 11

  Female Puberty
• Is the first menstrual period of females which happens two years after the start of puberty

  Menarche
• Play an important role in the regulation of ovulation and fertility of females

  Hormones
• Prostate gland, Seminal vesicle, Penis, Vas deferens, Testis, Scrotum, Urethra

  Male Reproductive System
• Fallopian Tube, Uterus, Ovary, Cervix, Vagina

  Female Reproductive System
• Is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring it provides the raw materials of which the individuals is made up

  Heredity (Nature)
• Is the sum total of the forces or experiences that a person undergoes from conception to old age, it includes family, friends, school, nutrition and other agencies one in contact with

  Environment (Nurture)
• Most common problems associated with reproductive system in adults

  Infections
• Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Herpes virus, Yeast fungus

  Sexually transmitted microorganisms
• Prostatitis, Urethris, Epididymitis, STD, Orchiditis

  Males Inflammatory Conditions
• Irritability and mood changes, intense vasodilation of the skin blood vessels, gradual thinning of skin, lose of bone mass, slowing rising high blood levels

  Signs of Estrogen Deficiency
• Are still able to father offspring well into their 80s and beyond

  Healthy Men
• Physical self - refers to the observable, tangible, and concrete aspects of an individual's identity, in contrast to elements that are not readily visible, such as mental, emotional, and spiritual dimensions
• Primary sex characteristics - are those directly involved in reproduction
• Secondary sex characteristics - are features that emerge during puberty and help differentiate males from females.
• Secondary Characteristics In Men - More pronounced body hair characteristics (beard, chest, etc.), often coarser. Heavier musculature. Angular features, such as a square jaw and triangular mid-region. Narrow hips. Muscular pectorals (chest). Lower overall body fat. Deeper voice.
• Secondary Characteristics In Women - Less pronounced body hair characteristics (mostly in the pubic region,with finer hair elsewhere). Lighter musculature. Rounded features, including softer facial features and an hourglass mid region. Wider hips, facilitating childbearing. More pronounced breasts with increased fatty tissue. Higher overall body fat. Higher-pitched voice.
• Germinal Stage - Occurs first two weeks of development where the sperm and egg cells unite to form a zygote. Key feature of this stage: the development of the placenta
• Embryonic Stage - Occurs between the second to eight week, or the end of the germinal stage to two months after conception. The developing cell is called EMBRYO. Known as the critical stage
• Fetal Stage - The final stage Occurs between the eight week to birth. Embryo has now developed into FETUS
• Prenatal Period - (conception to birth) Conception occurs either through normal fertilization or other means Basic body structures and organs form Physical growth is most rapid here than in the entire life span
• Infancy and Toddlerhood - (birth to age 3) At birth, all senses and body systems operate at varying degrees. The brain grows complex and is highly sensitive to environmental influences Rapid physical growth and development of motor skills occur
• Early Childhood - (ages 3 to 6) Growth is steady Appetite diminishes, and sleep problems are common Fine and gross motor skills and strength improves
• Middle Childhood - (ages 6 to 11) Growth slows down Strength and athletic skills improve. Respiratory illness are common, but health is generally better