Exam 4

Created by

KK Brown

Cards (349)

what foods should be avoided in patients with gouty arthritis?
Purine-rich foods such as organ meats, shellfish, chocolate, sardines, and meat extracts
what can palindromic rheumatism lead to?
rheumatoid arthritis
what are the common symptoms of fibromyalgia? 
chronic fatigue, muscle aching, and stiffness
what is paresthesia? 
Abnormal sensation
what can rheumatoid arthritis and compression of the nerves due to inflammation lead to?
paresthesias of both hands
what is the most important focus in disease management for a patient with osteoarthritis?
strategies for remaining active
what is the goal for disease management in patients with osteoarthritis?
decrease pain and stiffness and improve joint mobility
what is ankylosing spondylitis? 
Inflammatory arthritis affecting the spine
what does the prescience of crystals in the synovial fluid obtained from arthrocentesis indicate?
Gout
what are causes of primary hyperuricemia?
excessive intake of foods high in purines such as shellfish and family history of hyperuricemia
what are the signs of lupus?
facial erythema, pericarditis, fatigue, fever, weight loss
what is systemic lupus erythematosus? 
chronic inflammation of the connective tissues
what are age related changes the contribute to osteoporosis?
decrease in estrogen, calcitonin, and vitamin D
what is dupuytrens contracture?
a flexion deformity cussed by a slowly progressive contracture of the palmar fascia
what foods should you recommend to a patient with osteoporosis?
Calcium-rich foods such as broccoli
what is radiculopathy? 
disease of a nerve root
what is contracture? 
Muscle shortening or tightening.
what is the most common selective estrogen receptor modifier prescribed in osteoporosis?
Raloxifene
what is bursitis? 
inflammation of the fluid that cushions joints
what are the signs of bursitis?
painful movement of a joint, a distinct lump, an affected area that is warm to touch
how do you test for Tinel’s sign?
have the patient hold the palm of their hand up while the nurse percusses over the median nerve
what indicates a positive Tinels sign?
tingling, numbness, or pain felt when the median nerve is percussed
what is carpal tunnel syndrome?
Compression of the median nerve in the wrist causing pain, numbness, and weakness in the hand and fingers.
what is the most common bisphosphonate medication used for bone fractures?
Alendronate
what musculoskeletal disorder does obesity predispose a patient to?
degenerative joint disease
what is compartment syndrome?
compression of nerves, blood vessels, and muscles within a closed space causing constant pain
what reasons would a bone graft be used?
joint stabilization, defect filling, and stimulation of bone healing
if a radiograph indicates malpositioned yet intact bones what repair would be done?
joint manipulation and immobilization
what is a greenstick fracture?
when one side of the bone is broken and the other side is bent
what type of posturing occurs with severe neurologic impairment?
flaccidity
what type of IV solution should be hung for a patient with intracranial pressure?
lactated ringers or hypertonic 3%
what is the first sign of intracranial pressure increasing?
declining level of consciousness
what is an absence seizure?
typically in children where physical activity ceases momentarily
what is a generalized seizure?
tonic and clonic phases, tongue biting, labored breathing, apnea, and cyanosis occurs
what is a tonic and clonic phase?
Seizure phases of stiffening (tonic) and relaxing (clonic)
what is a jacksonian seizsure?
localized motor seizure where stiffening and jerking occurs in one extremity
How do you calculate the cerebral perfusion pressure (CCP)?
subtract ICP from MAP
what is important post op teaching following a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy?
avoid coughing, sneezing, and blowing nose
what is the most common antiseizure medication?
lamictal
what is the result of long term antiseizure medication use in women?
Osteoporosis