MIDTERMS EXAM BOO SEUNGKWAN <3

• Classification of dental implants (Based on the implant design)

  1. Sub-periosteal
  2. Transosteal
  3. Endodontal
  4. Intramucosal
  5. Endosteal
• Examples of Endosteal Implant

  1. Ramus Frame
  2. Root Form
  3. Plate Form
• Classification of dental implants (Based on the attachment mechanism of the implant)

  1. Osseointegration
  2. Fibrointegration
• Classification of dental implants (Based on macroscopic body design)

  1. Hollow dental implants
  2. Cylindrical dental implants
  3. Vented dental implants
  4. Threaded dental implants.
• Classification of dental implants (Based on the surface of the implant)

  1. Machined surface implants
  2. Textured surface implants
  3. Coated surface implant.
• Classification of dental implants (Based on the type of the material)

  1. Biotolerant
  2. Bioinert
  3. Bioactive.
• Importance of implant surface properties

  1. It is the only part contacting with the bio-environment.
  2. The morphology and composition of the surface region of an implanted biomaterial are almost always different from the rest of the implant bulk.
  3. For biomaterials that do not release or leak biologically active or toxic substance, the characteristics of the surface govern the biological response (foreign material vs. host tissue).
  4. Surface properties of implants such as topography affect the mechanical stability of the implant-tissue interface.
• Implant


  Material inserted or grafted into tissue.
• Dental implant


  permucosal device that is blocompatible and biofunctional, and is placed on or within the bone associated with the oral cavity to provide support for fixed or removable prostheses.
• Titanium


  Metal (chemical symbol Ti) having low density, good strength, and corrosion-resistant properties.
• Implant fixture/body


  portion of the implant that is designed to be placed into the bone.
• Osseointegration


  Contact established without the interposition of nonbony tissue between normal remodeled bone and an implant at the light microscopic level, entailing a sustained transfer and distribution of load from the implant to and within the bone tissue.
• Transosseous implant


  A machined implant consisting of a lower plate fixated under the mandible with pins projecting through the mandible which penetrates into the oral cavity.
• Blade implant


  An endosteal implant consisting of an abutment, cervix, and body (or infrastructure) that is thin buccolingually and has fenestrations to permit the ingrowth of the bone/connective tissue for the purpose of anchorage
• Disc implant


  An endosteal design consisting of a thin, plate-like component placed into a horizontal osteotomy and attached to a post-like vertical component permucosally.
• Cylinder implant


  Around endosteal implant either threaded or press-fit.
• Eposteal implant


  Device that receives its primary bone support by means of resting upon bone.
• Endodontic endosteal implant:


  A smooth or threaded pin implant that extends through the root into the periapical bone to stabilize a mobile tooth.
• Abutment:


  It is that part of the implant that lies between the implant and the crown. Abutment screws into the implant fixture
• Abutment screw


  The screw that clamps the abutment onto the implant
• Healing screw


  The final intra-implant screw placed after first-stage surgery.
• Healing abutment


  A temporary abutment that is placed after the implant has been inserted and is removed before the permanent restoration is placed.
• Osteotomy


  A hole in the alveolar bone made by an implant drill for the placement of a dental implant.
• One-stage implants


  Implants that are exposed to the oral cavity after a single surgical procedure
• Two-stage implants


  Implants that are submerged below the gingiva immediately after placement. Second surgery is necessary to uncover them.
• Implant exposure


  Exposure of the dental implants which is carried out approximately 4 months after the initial implant placement
• Implant analog


  used by the lab technician during fabrication of the prosthesis. The abutment is attached to the analog and impression is poured.
• Long screws


  used for attachment of abutment to the implant during open impression technique
• Implant-stabilized removable ball overdenture


  A removable prosthesis containing ball attachments to hold, or stabilize the denture in place.
• Implant-stabilized removable bar overdenture


  A removable prosthesis containing a bar attachment to hold, or stabilize the denture in place.
• Dolder bar


  A connector of multiple prosthetic elements designed to lend strength as well as to retain an overdenture or superstructure
• Hex-lock


  6-sided screwdriver; a matching screw
• Connecting bar


  A fixed bar that connects 2 or more permucosal extensions;
• Trephine


  A surgical instrument used for cutting out circular sections. Used to retrieve implant/fractured implant portion.
• Vitalium


  Trademark name for a dental alloy comprised of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum.
• Dehiscence, implant


  Asplitting open or a break in the covering epithelium, leaving an Isolated area of an implant or bone exposed to the oral cavity.
• Depassivation:


  A splitting open or a break in the covering epithelium, leaving an Isolated area of an implant or bone exposed to the oral cavity.
• Hydroxyapatite (HA):

  Calciumphosphate complex that is a primary mineral component of bone; sprayed-on coating used on early dental implants
• Tricalcium phosphate:


  An inorganic, particulate, or solid form of relatively biodegradable ceramic that is used as a scaffold for bone regeneration; it can act as a matrix for new bone growth.
• Peri-implantitis:


  An equivalent to periodontitis, manifesting around dental implants; bone loss around implants due to bacterial pathogens.