Whitechapel

• workhouses 


  Very poor conditions

  forced to work all day, certain times to eat, sleep etc.

  families were separated

  these are for people who couldn't get an actual job
• H division


  Each district of London had a letter. H for Whitechapel
• lodging houses


  lodgers paid a nightly fee for a bed and access to a kitchen were particularly squalid. around a quarter of the population lived in lodging houses
• rookeries


  slum areas in whitechapel

  where most housing was located

  extremely overcrowded

  poor sanitation
• What did George Peabody do?

  He attempted to improve housing by 11 blocks of flat and call it the Peabody estate which opened 1881 and tenants were charged reasonable rents
• Lack of employment 


  high unemployment because of an economic depression

  few jobs available to women so they turned to prostitution to survive
• What did people who had jobs do?


  worked long hours for low pay in factories (conditions were cramped and dirty)

  worked in building the railways or in the dockyards, the pay was better so weekly incomes varied enormously
• doss house


  pay to stay for short periods of time (also known as lodging house)
• oakum picking 


  pulling apart rope to use for stuffing
• peabody estate 


  better living conditions

  non - plastered walls to avoid problems with lice

  slum clearance programme - knocking down rookeries and replacing with better housing
• artisans dwellings 


  1875 artisan dwellings act passed which meant that housing living standards had to improve and if they didn't, slum areas would be demolished to build new houses
• what is a cenus record helpful for


  finding out people's jobs

  marriage status

  age ranges

  how people are related/who they are living with

  disabilities/mental illness

  wealthy/poor area of london

  what kind of people are living in the houses
• modern sweatshops 


  they sell coffee, clothes and chocolate

  900 workers locked in the compound all day and had 60 minutes for meal time.

  got paid at an average of about one half cent an hour

  Nicholas kristof said sweatshops were good because they provided people with a job
• give two features of working in whitechapel


  sweatshops - a factory where people worked to provide them with good income that pays more than other jobs, by making shoes, matches and clothing

  working on the docks and railways - job that pays more
• why were the conditions in the workhouses so poor?


  because they wanted to put off poor people by purposely making it harsh and a bad place to be, they did this to keep the costs down
• what was the main reason for barnado?

  houses that were used to keep poor children of the streets
• what was barnado's first project?


  a school for children who's parents had died from infectious diseases. These were could ragged schools.

  he then opened an orphanage for homeless children after this project
• When did Barnardo die?


  1905
• who was charles warren?


  commissioner of the metropolitian police between 1886 and 1888

  1882 he was sent out to find out what happened to an archaelogical expedition in egypt. He discovered that the team had been murdered so he tracked down the killers and arrested them.
• What did charles warren do?


  tried to raise standards

  increased military drill practice and tightened up rules for recruitment

  during the ripper crisis he wrote an article that was published in murray's magazine
• jack the ripper murders 1888 


  31 august - mary ann nichols - found in bucks row

  8 september - annie chapman - found in 29 hanbury street

  30 september - elizabeth stride - found in berners street

  30 september - catherine eddowes- found in mitre square

  9 november - mary jane kelly - found in 13 millers court
• what did all the victims of the ripper have in common?

  they were all prostitutes
• what was the problems with police force + media during the ripper murders?


  above catherine eddowes was graffiti about jews, and the metropolitan police force ordered this to be washed off because they didnt want the city of london police to find jack the ripper before them so this wasnt used in the investigation
• when did the name jack ripper come out?

  after the double murder
• how did the media cause problems for the police?


  over 300 letters were sent to the police or newspapers, all who were claiming to be jack the ripper. The 'dear boss' letter was thought to be genuine at the time

  A magazine called 'penny dreadful' was cheap and often chose to over exaggerate the stories
• Bertillon system


  set up after jack the ripper

  combined physical measurement, photography and record keeping to help identify repeat criminals

  they were reduced to a formula that theoretically would only apply to one person.

  the system was taken on by the met in 1984 but there was not much evidence to say that it was success

  physical measurements were later replaced with fingerprint records during the following record

  Bertillon photographic methods are still used today