humanistic psychoanalysis

• • Like animals, humans are motivated by such physiological needs as hunger, sex, and safety. 

  HUMAN NEEDS
• • Humans have unique existential needs that arise from their cultural evolution and attempts to understand their existence.

  EXISTENTIAL NEEDS
• • the drive for union with another person or other persons.

  RELATEDNESS
•  A person can submit to another, to a group, or to an institution in order to become one with the world.

  SUBMISSION
• submissive people search for a relationship with domineering people, power seekers welcome submissive partners.
• When a submissive person and a domineering person find each other, they frequently establish a symbiotic relationship, one that is satisfying to both partners.
•   Underlying the union are unconscious feelings of hostility.

  SUBMISSION and POWER
•  only route by which a person can become united with the world and, at the same time, achieve individuality and integrity.

  LOVE
• four basic elements common to all forms of genuine love.

  CARE, RESPECT, RESPONSIBILITY AND KNOWLEDGE
• the urge to rise above a passive and accidental existence and into “the realm of purposefulness and freedom”

  TRANSCENDENCE
• •  to kill for reasons other than survival.

  MALIGNANT AGGRESSION
•  the need to establish roots or to feel at home again in the world.

  ROOTEDNESS
• • individuals are reluctant to move beyond the protective security of their mother.

  FIXATION
• based in “the deep-seated craving to remain in, or to return to, the all-enveloping womb, or to the all-nourishing breasts

  INCESTIOUS FEELINGS
• Fromm was influenced by _____ ideas on early matriarchal societies

  Johann Jakob Bachofen
• The capacity to be aware of ourselves as a separate entity.

  SENSE OF IDENTITY
• a road map, a frame of orientation, to make their way through the world.

  FRAME OF ORIENTATION
• • helps individuals organize stimuli and events, enabling them to make sense of their experiences.

  FRAME OF ORIENTATION
• • Anything inconsistent may be labeled as crazy while anything aligning with their view is seen as common sense.
• Humans need a final goal or “object of devotion” that focuses their energies, provides meaning to their lives, and helps transcend their isolated existence.
• Satisfied through submission, domination, or love, but only love brings genuine fulfillment.

  RELATEDNESS
• Can be fulfilled by destructiveness or creativeness, with the latter leading to joy.

  TRANSCENDENCE
• satisfied by either fixation on the mother or by moving forward into full birth and wholeness.

  ROOTEDNESS
• Can be based on group adjustment or achieved through creative movement toward individuality.

  SENSE OF IDENTITY
• Can be irrational or rational, with only a rational philosophy fostering total personality growth.

  FRAME OF ORIENTATION
• Both a curse, leading to feelings of isolation, and a blessing, enabling humans to reconnect with the world.

  REASON
• • This burden of freedom results in basic anxiety, a sense of being alone in the world.
• Because basic anxiety produces a frightening sense of isolation and loneliness, people attempt to flee from freedom

  MECHANISMS OF ESCAPE
• The tendency to give up individual independence and merge with something outside oneself to gain strength.

  AUTHORITARIANISM
• Seeking unity with a more powerful entity due to feelings of powerlessness, weakness, and inferiority.

  MASOCHISM
• → does not depend on a continuous relationship with another person; rather, it seeks to do away with other people.

  → Seeks to eliminate others or objects to regain a sense of power.

  DESTRUCTIVENESS
•  A means of escape from aloneness and isolation by giving up individuality and conforming to others' expectations.

  CONFORMITY
• seldom express their own opinion, cling to expected standards of behavior, and often appear stiff and automated.

  CONFORMITY
• lows individuals to be free and not alone, critical and yet not filled with doubts, independent and yet an integral part of mankind

  POSITIVE FREEDOM
• Attained by a spontaneous and full expression of both their rational and emotional potentialities

  POSITIVE FREEDOM
• is seen in children and artists who act according to their nature rather than societal norms.?

  SPONTANEOUS ACTIVITY
• through positive freedom and spontaneous activity, people overcome the terror of aloneness, achieve union with the world, and maintain individuality.
• • the totality of inherited and acquired psychic qualities which are characteristic of one individual and which make the individual unique

  PERSONALITY
• the most important of the acquired qualities of personality

  → the relatively permanent system of all non instinctual strivings through which man relates himself to the human and natural world.

  CHARACTER
•  a substitute for lack of instincts

  CHARACTER